Preventing fetal alcohol effects; a trial of three methods of giving information in the antenatal clinic

Waterson, E. J.; Murray‐Lyon, Iain M.

doi:10.1093/her/5.1.53

Cited by 20 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…48 Physician advice or written educational information improves patients' knowledge of the risks of drinking during pregnan-cy. [55][56][57] Providing information alone may reduce the risk of an alcohol-exposed pregnancy through reduced consumption or increased use of effective contraception. Information's beneficial effects on reducing risk may persist for up to 9 months.…”

Section: Brief Intervention Among Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information's beneficial effects on reducing risk may persist for up to 9 months. 57 It is likely that when coupled with education and advice, assessment may be adequate to prevent further drinking during pregnancy among most patients. 46 After completing an initial screening and providing general information about the risks for drinking during pregnancy, at-risk patients should receive individualized feedback.…”

Section: Brief Intervention Among Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventing Alcohol-exposed Pregnancies

Mengel¹,

Searight²,

Cook³

2006

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Fetal alcohol exposure affects approximately 1% to 3% of live births in the United States. Family physicians are in a unique position to reduce the incidence of alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Fetal alcohol exposure can be minimized through 2 general approaches: reducing alcohol consumption or increasing effective contraception among childbearing-aged women who engage in "at-risk" drinking and encouraging pregnant women to abstain from alcohol. Although no safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy is established, women who binge drink are more likely to deliver infants with physical and cognitive-developmental anomalies. Screening tools, such as quantity/frequency questions, the TWEAK and the T-ACE, developed specifically for prenatal care, are more useful with women than the CAGE and Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST). Screening alone seems to reduce alcohol use among pregnant women. Brief interventions, including education about alcohol's effects on the developing fetus, are effective among women not responding to screening. Unfortunately, many barriers exist to effective implementation of alcohol-exposed pregnancy (

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Section: Brief Intervention Among Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brief Intervention Among Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Alcohol-exposed Pregnancies

Mengel¹,

Searight²,

Cook³

2006

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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“…The blinding of outcome risk of bias assessment was mixed, and there was a high risk of bias for blinding of participants and personnel in all but one paper [48]. Random sequence generation was usually well described and other bias was mixed mainly between low and unclear, although it was high in one paper [50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Effective Behavior Change Techniques for Alcohol and Illicit Substance Use During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

Fergie

Campbell

Coleman‐Haynes

et al. 2018

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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Background During pregnancy, consuming alcohol and using illicit drugs can have serious health implications for both mother and child. Behavioral change interventions, especially those underpinned by theoretical constructs, can be effective in reducing harmful substance use among pregnant women. Purpose To understand what type of behavior change mechanisms could be useful in reducing alcohol consumption or achieving abstinence from illicit drug use during pregnancy, this review aimed to identify behavior change techniques (BCTs), the smallest, active components of interventions that may be effective. It also aimed to establish the extent that psychosocial-based theories were used to inform intervention design. Methods To identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), five databases were searched electronically from the end search dates of the most recent Cochrane systematic reviews on behavioral interventions for each behavior, until March 2018. Within the RCTs, intervention descriptions were analyzed for BCT content and extent of theory use in the intervention design process and outcome measurements, in each trial, was established. “Effectiveness percentages,” the number of times a BCT had been a component of an effective intervention divided by the total number of interventions it had been used in, were calculated for BCTs used in two or more trials. Results Including all RCTs from the Cochrane reviews, and those published subsequently, nine alcohol and six illicit drug trials were identified. Interventions tested in four alcohol RCTs and no illicit drugs RCTs showed positive results. Subsequent data were extracted for alcohol consumption trials only. Thirteen BCTs showed “potential effectiveness” for alcohol consumption. Six of nine included alcohol trials reported using theory but not extensively. Conclusions Action planning, behavioral contract, prompts/cues, self-talk, offer/direct toward written material, problem solving, feedback on behavior, social support (unspecified), information about health consequences, behavior substitution, assess current readiness and ability to reduce excess alcohol consumption, goal setting (behavior), and tailor interactions appropriately are BCTs that could be useful in helping reduce alcohol consumption among pregnant women.

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“…Screening alone has been shown to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy [44]. The benefits of providing information about risks of drinking in pregnancy or delivery of a BI have been shown to persist beyond the prenatal period [72,73]. This is especially important if the mother is breastfeeding, as alcohol is transmitted readily to breast milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%