Preventing Asthma Emergencies in Schools

O'Rourke, Amy T.; Zimmerman, Ann; Platt, Hayley; Pappalardo, Andrea A.

doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1995

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As of June 2020, not all states in the United States have laws allowing schools to have prescribed stock albuterol (AAN, 2020b; O’Rourke et al, 2020)…”

Section: Coordinating Management Of a Student’s Chronic Health Condition At Schoolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stock albuterol in an unlocked school location allows SNs immediate access to this bronchodilator to treat acute bronchospasm and related respiratory distress in students experiencing an asthma exacerbation at school. However, as of June 2020, not all states in the United States have laws allowing schools to have prescribed stock albuterol (AAN, 2020b; O’Rourke et al, 2020). SNs offer authoritative voices in advocacy efforts to improve medical emergency preparedness in schools.…”

Section: Advocating For Emergency Asthma Medication Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advocating for having stock asthma emergency medication at school is a quality improvement effort. Having stock school albuterol improves access to this emergency medication for those who do not self-carry, forget to self-carry, or for individuals previously undiagnosed experiencing their first asthma exacerbation at school (CDC, 2018; O’Rourke et al, 2020). However, SNs must always consider the applicable laws and regulations in their individual states, along with ensuring they abide by the nurse practice act while continuing to advocate for state laws to allow stock albuterol in schools.…”

Section: Advocating For Emergency Asthma Medication Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Vital Role of the School Nurse in Managing Asthma

2021

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Since asthma is the most common noncommunicable chronic childhood disease in the United States, school nurses will encounter students with this health condition. The purpose of this article is to present the school nurse as the leader in directing the management of a student’s chronic health condition at school. This article provides a table of resources and discusses many aspects of asthma management, including utilization of the student’s asthma action plan, student-specific school accommodation needs, the importance of developing individualized healthcare plans, providing education to school staff related to asthma management and determining of the family and student knowledge level, as well as strategies to minimize exacerbations. The article also explores school nurse opportunity to advocate for emergency asthma medication access as a part of emergency preparedness. School-based asthma management can be complex and school nurses have a pivotal role in asthma management in a school.

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“…As of June 2020, not all states in the United States have laws allowing schools to have prescribed stock albuterol (AAN, 2020b; O’Rourke et al, 2020)…”

Section: Coordinating Management Of a Student’s Chronic Health Condition At Schoolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advocating For Emergency Asthma Medication Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advocating For Emergency Asthma Medication Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Vital Role of the School Nurse in Managing Asthma

2021

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“…Medical licensing, pharmaceutical drugs, and education are largely regulated at the state level; thus, legislation for programs like stock albuterol must occur within individual states. It is crucial to understand legislative processes and necessary steps to pass stock albuterol legislation within a state ( Figure 1 ) ( 30 , 31 ). The overall process is similar across states, and we review the basic steps below.…”

Section: Steps To Pass Stock Albuterol Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensuring Access to Albuterol in Schools: From Policy to Implementation. An Official ATS/AANMA/ALA/NASN Policy Statement

Volerman

Lowe²,

Pappalardo

et al. 2021

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Rationale: For children with asthma, access to quick-relief medications is critical to minimizing morbidity and mortality. An innovative and practical approach to ensure access at school is to maintain a supply of stock albuterol that can be used by any student who experiences respiratory distress. To make this possible, state laws allowing for stock albuterol are needed to improve medication access. Objectives: To provide policy recommendations and outline steps for passing and implementing stock albuterol laws. Methods: We assembled a diverse stakeholder group and reviewed guidelines, literature, statutes, regulations, and implementation documents related to school-based medication access. Stakeholders were divided into two groups—legislation and implementation—on the basis of expertise. Each group met virtually to review documents and draft recommendations. Recommendations were compiled and revised in iterative remote meetings with all stakeholders. Main Results: We offer several recommendations for crafting state legislation and facilitating program implementation. 1 ) Create a coalition of stakeholders to champion legislation and implement stock albuterol programs. The coalition should include school administrators, school nurses and health personnel, parents, or caregivers of children with asthma, pediatric primary care and subspecialty providers (e.g., pulmonologists/allergists), pharmacists, health department staff, and local/regional/national advocacy organizations. 2 ) Legislative components critical for effective implementation of stock albuterol programs include specifying that medication can be administered in good faith to any child in respiratory distress, establishing training requirements for school staff, providing immunity from civil liability for staff and prescribers, ensuring pharmacy laws allow prescriptions to be dispensed to schools, and suggesting inhalers with valved holding chambers/spacers for administration. 3 ) Select an experienced and committed legislator to sponsor legislation and guide revisions as needed during passage and implementation. This person should be from the majority party and serve on the legislature’s health or education committee. 4 ) Develop plans to disseminate legislation and regulations/policies to affected groups, including school administrators, school nurses, pharmacists, emergency responders, and primary/subspecialty clinicians. Periodically evaluate implementation effectiveness and need for adjustments. Conclusions: Stock albuterol in schools is a safe, practical, and potentially life-saving option for children with asthma, whether asthma is diagnosed or undiagnosed, who lack access to their personal quick-relief medication. Legislation is imperative for aiding in the adoption and implementation of school stock albuterol policies, and key policy inclus...

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“…An intense educational intervention such as giving families a written asthma action plan (WAAP) or pictorial asthma action plan (PAAP), along with education on selfmanagement and follow-up visits, has shown improvement in outcome measures [34,49,35,52,53,68]. The intended tool to be implemented is the "Iggy and the Inhalers" Asthma Action Plan and Curriculum [78].…”

Section: Significance Of a Pictorial Asthma Action Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Pictorial Asthma Action Plan (PAAP) in a Special Population

Ochoa¹,

Summers²,

Lynch³

et al. 2021

CMR

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Asthma action plans should be standard practice amongst asthmatics. According to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics, a lack of AAP implementations could lead to increased asthma-related hospitalizations. Many written AAPs are written at a seventh to ninth grade reading level leading to less control of asthma symptoms, potentially resulting in increased asthma-related hospitalizations. A pictorial-based curriculum and its benefits will be discussed, along with background information concerning the implementation of such intervention and desired goal to increase asthma control. Implementation of a Pictorial Asthma Action Plan and Curriculum to improve Asthma Control utilizing "Iggy and the Inhalers'' by Booster Shot Media was conducted in a predominantly Spanish speaking and low income-based population. Iggy and the inhalers have published results of implementing their Pictorial Asthma Action Plan and Curriculum and improved outcomes documented on their site. The objective of implementation was to determine whether incorporating a pictorial based approach would improve control and knowledge amongst students with asthma in a special population. All identifiable participant information was kept private per site guidelines with exception to age and grade range and demographic information. Sixteen children participated in the implementation. Nine participants scored in the "well controlled" category while seven participants were "not controlled" according to ACT guidelines. Overall, five of seven (71%) improved their asthma control enough to bring them into the "controlled" state according to the ACT. Of those who improved, 16 (81%) improved with the Asthma Knowledge test. Conclusion: By utilizing appropriate educational methods, you can also increase participation and engagement, which results in increased compliance and control. Control and knowledge of asthma were improved because of this implementation project. Recommendation is that a PAAP curriculum should be promoted system wide.

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Preventing Asthma Emergencies in Schools

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

The Vital Role of the School Nurse in Managing Asthma

The Vital Role of the School Nurse in Managing Asthma

Ensuring Access to Albuterol in Schools: From Policy to Implementation. An Official ATS/AANMA/ALA/NASN Policy Statement

Implementation of a Pictorial Asthma Action Plan (PAAP) in a Special Population

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