Preventing and treating obesity in pediatrics through physical activity

Gräf, Christine

doi:10.1007/s13167-011-0091-0

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…An inverse cross-sectional association exists between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and child adiposity [6]. This is one reason why MVPA is stated as an important factor of paediatric obesity prevention [7] and at least 60 min MVPA per day is recommended to ensure childhood health [4]. Preventive measures such as increased PA performed during 6 to 11 years of life, defined as mid-childhood, could help to anticipate obesity and its adverse effects [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness and physical activity of 6-7-year-old children according to weight status and sports participation

et al. 2019

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Background The aim of this study was to investigate physical fitness and physical activity (PA) of 6-7-year-old children just before entering school according to their sports club (SC) participation and weight status, and to examine possible associations of their body mass index, fat mass and fat-free mass with physical fitness and PA. Methods A total of 256 preschoolers aged 6 to 7 years participated in the study. Physical fitness was assessed using PREFIT test battery and objective PA by 7 day accelerometry. Body composition was estimated using two skinfold thickness parameters. SC participation and parental data were assessed by questionnaires. Results Children participating in SC had higher moderate-to-vigorous PA, vigorous PA and cardiorespiratory fitness than children not participating in SC. Overweight children had lower results in cardiorespiratory fitness and all weight-bearing fitness tests, and better results in handgrip strength test in comparison with normal weight children. Significant associations were found between body composition indices and physical fitness tests. PA level was associated with fat-free mass and physical fitness but not with fatness indices. Conclusions Weight-status and body composition together with PA level were associated with physical fitness level. The differences in physical fitness based more upon weight status than SC participation among 6-7-years old children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness and physical activity of 6-7-year-old children according to weight status and sports participation

et al. 2019

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“…It has consistently been acknowledged that an inverse cross-sectional association exists between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and child adiposity [ 5 ]. This is one reason why MVPA is considered an important component of paediatric obesity prevention [ 6 ] and ≥60 min MVPA/day is recommended for general childhood health [ 7 , 8 ]. An additional reason is that MVPA is positively related to CRF [ 9 ], another important marker of health which seems to attenuate obesity-related co-morbidities [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Associations of Objectively-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Mid-Childhood: The PANIC Study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe minimum intensity of physical activity (PA) that is associated with favourable body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate cross-sectional associations of PA and sedentary time (ST) with body composition and CRF in mid-childhood.MethodsPA, ST, body composition and CRF were measured in a population-based sample of 410 children (aged 7.6 ± 0.4 years). Combined heart-rate and movement sensing provided estimates of PA energy expenditure (PAEE, kJ/kg/day) and time (min/day) at multiple fine-grained metabolic equivalent (MET) levels, which were also collapsed to ST and light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA) and vigorous PA (VPA). Fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2), trunk fat mass index (TFMI, kg/m2) and fat-free mass index (FFMI, kg/m2.5) were derived from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Maximal workload from a cycle ergometer test provided a measure of CRF (W/kg FFM). Linear regression and isotemporal substitution models were used to investigate associations.ResultsThe cumulative time above 2 METs (221 J/min/kg) was inversely associated with FMI and TFMI in both sexes (p < 0.001) whereas time spent above 3 METs was positively associated with CRF (p ≤ 0.002); CRF increased and adiposity decreased dose-dependently with increasing MET levels. ST was positively associated with FMI and TFMI (p < 0.001) but there were inverse associations between all PA categories (including LPA) and adiposity (p ≤ 0.002); the magnitude of these associations depended on the activity being displaced in isotemporal substitution models but were consistently stronger for VPA. PAEE, MPA and to a greater extent VPA, were all positively related to CRF (p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsPA exceeding 2 METs is associated with lower adiposity in mid-childhood, whereas PA of 3 METs is required to benefit CRF. VPA was most beneficial for fitness and fatness, from a time-for-time perspective, but displacing any lower-for-higher intensity may be an important first-order public health strategy.Clinical trial registry number (website): NCT01803776 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01803776).

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“…Increased physical activity (PA) 4 , which is the largest modifiable component of energy expenditure, is frequently prioritized alongside dietary restriction for the prevention or treatment of obesity (3, 4). It is logical that PA may assist the attainment of healthy weight by encouraging energy balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity intensity, sedentary time, and body composition in preschoolers

Collings¹,

Brage²,

Ridgway³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

109

146

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Background: Detailed associations between physical activity (PA) subcomponents, sedentary time, and body composition in preschoolers remain unclear. Objective: We examined the magnitude of associations between objectively measured PA subcomponents and sedentary time with body composition in 4-y-old children. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 398 preschool children recruited from the Southampton Women's Survey. PA was measured by using accelerometry, and body composition was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Associations between light physical activity, moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intensity; sedentary time; and body composition were analyzed by using repeated-measures linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, birth weight, maternal education, maternal BMI, smoking during pregnancy, and sleep duration. Sedentary time and PA were also mutually adjusted for one another to determine whether they were independently related to adiposity. Results: VPA was the only intensity of PA to exhibit strong inverse associations with both total adiposity [P , 0.001 for percentage of body fat and fat mass index (FMI)] and abdominal adiposity (P = 0.002 for trunk FMI). MVPA was inversely associated with total adiposity (P = 0.018 for percentage of body fat; P = 0.022 for FMI) but only because of the contribution of VPA, because MPA was unrelated to fatness (P $ 0.077). No associations were shown between the time spent sedentary and body composition (P $ 0.11). Conclusions: In preschoolers, the time spent in VPA is strongly and independently associated with lower adiposity. In contrast, the time spent sedentary and in low-to-moderate-intensity PA was unrelated to adiposity. These results indicate that efforts to challenge pediatric obesity may benefit from prioritizing VPA.Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:1020-8.

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Preventing and treating obesity in pediatrics through physical activity

Cited by 15 publications

References 65 publications

Physical fitness and physical activity of 6-7-year-old children according to weight status and sports participation

Physical fitness and physical activity of 6-7-year-old children according to weight status and sports participation

Cross-Sectional Associations of Objectively-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Mid-Childhood: The PANIC Study

Physical activity intensity, sedentary time, and body composition in preschoolers

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