Preventative Effects of Lactulose in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Camuesco, Desirée; Peran, Laura; Comalada, Mònica; Nieto, Ana; Stasi, Luiz Cláudio Di; Rodríguez-Cabezas, M. Elena; Concha, Ángel; Zarzuelo, Antonio; Gálvez, Júlio

doi:10.1097/01.mib.0000160808.30988.d9

Cited by 93 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Lactulose significantly reduced its expression confirming again a decreased activation of an inflammatory or immune response in the intestine. A similar effect on TNF has been found before in a rat colitis model after treatment with lactulose (Camuesco et al, 2005). In contrast, pro-inflammatory IL8 was significantly enhanced in the mesenteric lymph nodes of animals in the lactulose group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Masanetz

Preißinger

Meyer

et al. 2011

Animal

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Prebiotics are suggested as an alternative to antibiotics in animal rearing. Fermentable substances such as inulin or lactulose have been proposed to stimulate the immune system and health by modulation of the intestinal flora and its fermentation products. In this study, effects of inulin and lactulose on the intestinal health and hematology of calves have been investigated. Both prebiotics significantly decreased thrombocyte counts in peripheral blood. Only inulin was able to increase hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit. Total leukocyte count was decreased by lactulose while both prebiotics tended to lower monocyte proportions. mRNA expression of inflammation-related markers in the intestine was also affected by both prebiotics hinting at a decreased inflammatory status. This may be due to a possible decrease in intestinal pathogen load that remains to be verified. Only mRNA amounts of interleukin 8 were increased by lactulose in mesenteric lymph nodes. In the ileum, expression of a proliferation marker was increased by inulin while an apoptosis-related gene was increased by both prebiotics. The results of this study show a clear effect of prebiotics on certain parameters associated with animal health and performance that remain to be studied in detail in future investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Masanetz

Preißinger

Meyer

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…35) Decreased GSH levels, which are indicative of oxidant stress, have been detected in human 36) and experimental colitis. 13,37,38) Indeed, it has been reported that GSH supplementation improved oxidative damage in TNBS colitis. 39) Pretreatment with coumarin (5 mg/kg) and 4-hydroxycoumarin (5, 10, 25 mg/kg) in the acute phase of the inflammatory process induced by TNBS/ethanol, protected against colonic GSH depletion and restored the levels toward the normal value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Activity of Coumarin and 4-Hydroxycoumarin in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Luchini

Rodrigues-Orsi

Cestari

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Coumarins represent an important class of phenolic compounds with multiple biological activities, including inhibition of lipidic peroxidation and neutrophil-dependent anion superoxide generation, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressor actions. All of these proprieties are essential for that a drug may be used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The present study examined intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of coumarin and its derivative, the 4-hydroxycoumarin on experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. This was performed in two different experimental settings, i.e. when the colonic mucosa is intact or when the mucosa is in process of recovery after an initial insult. The results obtained revealed that the coumarin and 4-hydroxycoumarin, at doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg, significantly attenuated the colonic damage induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) in both situations, as evidenced macroscopically, microscopically and biochemically. This effect was related to an improvement in the colonic oxidative status, since coumarin and 4-hydroxycoumarin prevented the glutathione depletion that occurred as a consequence of the colonic inflammation.

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“…This effect was dose-dependent. 76,77 Winkler et al 78 reported a decrease in disease activity and colonic damage in a mouse model. Colitis in C57BL/6 mice was induced by DSS.…”

Section: Dss-induced Colitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotics in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

Langen

Dieleman

2009

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

152

102

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Prebiotics are nondigestible fermentable fibers that are reported to have health benefits for the host. Older as well as more recent studies show beneficial effects in experimental colitis and lately also in human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and chronic pouchitis. In this review we give an overview of the benefits of prebiotics in rodent IBD models and in IBD patients and discuss their possible protective mechanisms. Commensal intestinal bacteria induce and perpetuate chronic intestinal inflammation, whereas others are protective. However, most of the current medications are directed against the exaggerated proinflammatory immune response of the host, some of them toxic and costly. Feeding prebiotics changes the composition of the intestinal microflora toward more protective intestinal bacteria and alters systemic and mucosal immune responses of the host. Therapy for IBD targeting intestinal bacteria and their function is just emerging. Prebiotics have the promise to be relatively safe, inexpensive, and easy to administer. Unraveling their protective mechanisms will help to develop rational applications of prebiotics. However, the initial promising results with dietary prebiotics in preclinical trials as well as small studies in human IBD will need to be confirmed in large randomized controlled clinical trials. Keywords ulcerative colitis; Crohn's disease; prebiotics; bifidobacteria; lactobacilli The incidence and prevalence of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are increasing in the developed northern hemisphere. Bernstein et al 1 recently published data that showed that Canada has the highest incidence and prevalence of CD thus far reported. The incidence rate for CD ranged from 8.8-20.2 per 100,000 and the prevalence ranged from 161-319 per 100,000. The incidence and prevalence of UC was lower, ranging from 9.9-19.5 and 162-249 per 100,000, respectively. Approximately 0.5% of the Canadian population has IBD. Several studies concerning the pathogenesis of IBD indicate that a combination of factors such as genetic susceptibility, intestinal microflora, dietary factors, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and an abnormal immune response to intestinal bacteria lead to chronic intestinal inflammation. CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript Current IBD TherapeuticsThe current medical armamentarium to treat UC and CD consists of 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA) compounds, corticosteroids, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, and cyclosporine. Recently several biologics have been added to this list. 5 Most patients respond well to these therapies, but for some patients it is still inadequate and/or induces intolerable and serious side effects. In addition, the current therapies are mostly directed against the overly aggressive adaptive immune response of the host, but fail to correct potential environmental triggers such as the intestinal microflora that induces a...

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Preventative Effects of Lactulose in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Abstract: In conclusion, the intestinal antiinflammatory effect of lactulose could be related to its prebiotic properties, supporting its potential use in human inflammatory bowel disease.

Cited by 93 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Activity of Coumarin and 4-Hydroxycoumarin in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

Prebiotics in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

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