Prevalensi Giardiasis Dan Kondisi Hygiene Perorangan Pada Murid Paud Di Kb-Tk Al Amin Paciran Lamongan

Abstract

ABSTRACT
 Small intestine infection caused by Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) occurs mostly in children living in developing country with poor sanitation. This study aims to determine the risk of giardiasis and personal hygiene conditions in pre-school students at KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan aged 2-6 years. Number of samples were 61 students, the dependent variable was the incidence of giardiasis, and independent variable was personal hygiene including nail hygiene, hand washing habit, footwear habit, and defecating habits. The result showed that 5 out of 61 students (8,2%) were infected with Giardia lamblia. All children (100%) with giardiasis had poor nail hygiene, footwear habit, and defecating habit. As many as 80% of students with giardiasis have poor handwashing habits. Students with poor footwear habit (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98-2046,9); open defecation habits (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40-628,05); poor nail hygiene (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); poor hand washing habits (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5-290,96) had a greater risk of developing giardiasis. Supervision and healthy behavior are highly recommended, including using footwear when playing on the ground, defecating in the latrine, maintaining nail hygiene, and washing hands with soap before eating or after defecating. 
 Keywords: Prevalence, giardiasis, personal hygiene, pre-school students
 
 ABSTRAK
 Infeksi usus halus disebabkan oleh Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) banyak terjadi pada anak-anak yang tinggal di negara berkembang dengan tingkat sanitasi buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko terjadinya giardiasis dan kondisi hygiene perorangan pada murid PAUD di KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan usia 2-6 tahun. Jumlah sampel adalah 61 murid, variabel dependen adalah kejadian giardiasis, dan variabel independen adalah hygiene perorangan meliputi kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki, dan kebiasaan buang air besar (BAB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 dari 61 murid (8,2%) terinfeksi Giardia lamblia. Seluruh murid (100%) dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki dan kebiasaan BAB yang kurang baik. Sebanyak 80% murid dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik. Murid dengan kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki kurang baik (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98–2046,9); kebiasaan BAB sembarangan (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40–628,05); kebersihan kuku kurang baik (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5–290,96) mempunyai risiko lebih besar terkena giardiasis. Pengawasan dan berperilaku hidup sehat sangat dianjurkan antara lain menggunakan alas kaki ketika bermain di tanah, membiasakan BAB di jamban, menjaga kebersihan kuku, dan mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum makan atau setelah buang air besar.
 Kata kunci: Prevalensi, giardiasis, hygiene perorangan, murid PAUD

Hygiene Related Risk Factors for Giardia Infection in Sukowono District, Jember, Indonesia

“…infection. The finding is in contrast to study conducted by (Nengsih et al, 2020) which stated the habit of defecating 5.73 times could increase the risk of Giardia spp. infection.…”

“…is a common intestinal protozoan that infects humans, as well as animals and is considered a zoonotic disease. The highest incidence of cases was found in developing countries ranging from 20-30% compared to developed countries which rang from 3-7% (Nengsih et al, 2020). Giardiasis is transmitted by either direct or indirect mechanisms (Yaoyu Feng, 2011).…”

Factors Related to the Incidence of Diarrhea of Children Aged 24-59 Months in Karangkamulyan Village, Cihara District, Lebak Regency in 2020

“…The research results also showed that there was no significant relationship between open defecation habits and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Karangkamulyan, with a p-value of 0.505 (>0.05). However, this was not in line with previous research on the relationship between open defecation habits and the incidence of giardiasis, which found that children with open defecation habits had a 13.33 times higher risk of contracting giardiasis compared to those with good personal hygiene (14).…”

“…Patients with giardiasis can experience acute diarrhea or chronic diarrhea. The acute phase of giardiasis lasts 3-4 days and the chronic phase lasts two years or more, characterized by weight loss due to intermittent diarrhea, leading to malabsorption (14).…”

Prevalensi Infeksi Parasit Usus pada Siswa SD Negeri 5 Subagan Daerah Wisata Jasri Kabupaten Karangasem Tahun 2022

“…Temuan yang serupa dapat dilihat pada penelitian di Desa Mojo, Surabaya pada tahun 2018 (1,8%) serta di KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan, Jawa Timur pada tahun 2020 (8,2%). 19,20 Sementara itu, penelitian di Pesantren X di Surabaya pada tahun 2019 menunjukkan hasil yang bertentangan dimana prevalensi kasus infeksi Giardia lamblia mencapai angka 20%. 21 Penemuan kasus infeksi parasit usus Giardia lamblia menandakan bahwa masih terdapat faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan parasit tersebut.…”