Prevalência e intensidade de infecção por Ascaris lumbricoides em amostra populacional urbana (São Paulo, SP)

Ferreira, Cláudio Santos; Ferreira, Marcelo Urbano; Nogueira, M R

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x1991000100007

“…Moraes et al [16] , two decades later, in a population of the same age range in locations lacking any sanitary infrastructure, found prevalence rates for the same helminth species of 66.4%, 87.8%, and 25.2%. Similarly high prevalence of geohelminths has been found in children resident in periurban areas within other developing countries, all of which exhibit deficiencies in environmental sanitation [17] – [19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Reductions in the Prevalence and Incidence of Geohelminth Infections following a City-wide Sanitation Program in a Brazilian Urban Centre

Mascarini-Serra

¹

,

Telles

²

,

Prado

³

et al. 2010

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ObjectiveIn the city of Salvador, a large urban centre in Northeast Brazil, a city-wide sanitation intervention started in 1997, aimed at improving the sewerage coverage of households from 26% to 80%. Our aim was to study the impact of the intervention on the prevalence and incidence of geohelminths in the school-aged population.MethodsThe study comprised two comparable cohorts: the first assembled in 1997, before the intervention, and the second assembled in 2003, after the intervention. Both were sampled from 24 sentinel areas chosen to represent the different environmental conditions throughout the city. Copro-parasitological examinations were carried out on every individual from both cohorts, at baseline and nine months later. Demographic, socio-economic, and environmental data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and environmental surveys. A hierarchical modelling approach fitting a sequence of Poisson multivariate linear models was undertaken to test the effect of the intervention variables on the prevalence and incidence rate ratios.Findings729 and 890 children aged 7–14 years (mean = 10.4 y, SD = 0.05 y) were analysed over the first and the second cohorts, respectively. The adjusted reductions of the prevalence and incidence rates at the second in relation to the first cohort were 27% and 34%, 25% and 32%, 33% and 26%, and 82% and 42% for geohelminths overall, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm, respectively. Hierarchical modelling showed that a major part of each of these reductions was explained by the intervention.ConclusionOur results show that a city-wide sanitation program may reduce significantly the prevalence and incidence of geohelminths.

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“…Based on a study conducted on the prevalence of A. lumbricoides in an urban area of São Paulo (SP), Ferreira et al [ 30 ] stated, that areas with high demographic density, without adequate housing and sanitation, have a higher risk of infection than rural areas. In indigenous populations, the seminomandism of the inhabitants can explain the low prevalence of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of helmintic infections in Brazilian Maxakali indigenous: a repeated cross-sectional design

Nacife,

Siqueira,

Barbosa

et al. 2024

Int J Equity Health

0

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Background The prevalence of intestinal parasites is known to be high among Amerindian populations; further, there are serious problems in the healthcare of these populations in Brazil. The Maxakali, located in the northeastern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, is an indigenous group that still preserves many of its cultural aspects. This study aimed to compare the positivity rate of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in this ethnic group in epidemiological surveys conducted in 1972 and 2014. Methods Stool parasitological examinations were performed by the Kato-Katz technique during both periods in this population. In 2014, the parasitological diagnosis was also realized with the TF-Test® technique. Results In 1972, 270 inhabitants were examined. The positivity rates were 67.4% for Schistosoma mansoni, 72.9% for hookworms, 43.7% for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 23.7% for Trichuris trichiura. In 2014, 545 individuals were examined, and the positivity rates obtained were 45.7% for S. mansoni, 22.8% for hookworms, 0.6% for A. lumbricoides, and 2.8% for T. trichiura. Conclusions The comparison of the parasitological surveys conducted in 1972 and 2014, indicates that the indigenous Maxakali remained neglected by the health and indigenous protection authorities during these four decades. The infection rate observed in 2014 for schistosomiasis and hookworm remains high, considering the current epidemiological view of these diseases in the Brazilian population.

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“…Based on a study conducted on the prevalence of A. lumbricoides in an urban area of São Paulo (SP), Ferreira et al (1991) stated, that areas with high demographic density, without adequate housing and sanitation, have a higher risk of infection than rural areas. In indigenous populations, the seminomandism of the inhabitants can explain the low prevalence of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of helmintic infections in Brazilian Maxakali indigenous: A repeated cross-sectional design

Nacife

¹

,

Siqueira

²

,

Barbosa

³

et al. 2023

Preprint

0

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Background The prevalence of intestinal parasites is known to be high among Amerindian populations; further, there are serious problems in the healthcare of these populations in Brazil. The Maxakali, located in the northeastern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, is an indigenous group that still preserves many of its cultural aspects. This study aimed to compare the positivity rate of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in this ethnic group in epidemiological surveys conducted in 1972 and 2014. Methods Stool parasitological examinations were performed by the Kato-Katz technique during both periods in this population. In 2014, the parasitological diagnosis was also realized with the TF-Test® technique. Results In 1972, 270 inhabitants were examined. The positivity rates were 67.4% for Schistosoma mansoni, 72.9% for hookworms, 43.7% for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 23.7% for Trichuris trichiura. In 2014, 545 individuals were examined, and the positivity rates obtained were 45.7% for S. mansoni, 22.8% for hookworms, 0.6% for A. lumbricoides, and 2.8% for T. trichiura. Conclusions The comparison of the parasitological surveys conducted in 1972 and 2014, indicates that the indigenous Maxakali remained neglected by the health and indigenous protection authorities during these four decades. The infection rate observed in 2014 for schistosomiasis and hookworm remains high, considering the current epidemiological view of these diseases in the Brazilian population.

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Prevalência e intensidade de infecção por Ascaris lumbricoides em amostra populacional urbana (São Paulo, SP)

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Reductions in the Prevalence and Incidence of Geohelminth Infections following a City-wide Sanitation Program in a Brazilian Urban Centre

Reductions in the Prevalence and Incidence of Geohelminth Infections following a City-wide Sanitation Program in a Brazilian Urban Centre

Prevalence of helmintic infections in Brazilian Maxakali indigenous: a repeated cross-sectional design

Prevalence of helmintic infections in Brazilian Maxakali indigenous: A repeated cross-sectional design

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