Prevalência do consumo de álcool, tabaco e entorpecentes por estudantes de medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Abstract

objectIve. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and psychotropic drug consumption by students of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) School of Medicine, Brazil, and to ascertain aspects related to substance use in this population. Methods. This study was carried out with students of all years of the UFMG Medicine course, who were invited to participate anonymously by answering a self-administered questionnaire that has previously been validated and adapted to the Brazilian reality. The instrument was based on World Health Organization methods for development of student drug use surveys and included 25 questions on substance use. The Student t test and chi-square testing were performed for comparison of means and proportions. results. Alcohol and tobacco were the most commonly used substances, consumed by 85.2% and 16.3% of students respectively. Among the psychotropic drugs, use of cannabis was reported by 16.5% of students, LSD by 6.9%, sedatives by 12%, amphetamines by 7.5% and inhalant substances by 16.8%. Use of cocaine, crack, opiates, anticholinergics and anabolic steroids was rarely mentioned. conclusIon. Alcohol was the most widely used substance, and its consumption was associated with other drug addictions. Drugs were used most frequently by single, male students who live alone and need not work to support themselves.

Risk factors that may signify a propensity to the use of drugs in students at a public university

“…The results of this study showed that most students (60% of those in their first year and 67% of those in their fourth) who had used a drug at some time in their life were adepts of some religion, so the lack of religious belief is not to be identified as a significant risk factor, thus supporting the results of the study of Wagner et al 11 It was found that most students who used drugs at least once in their lives reside with others students, corroborating the results of the study undertaken by Queiroz 12 . In public universities, students usually come from other cities, live away from their families and more likely in the company of friends, which may be another indicator for the high incidence of drug use, due to the sensation of freedom and lack of rules or limits.…”

“…Among students who had used some drug once in their lifetime, a high rate (74%) of use among women was observed, corroborating the results reported by Stamm and Bressan 4 , who reported a high level of alcohol intake by women, and Wagner et al 11 , who observed a significant increase in drug use by women.…”

Uso de substâncias psicoativas entre universitários brasileiros: perfil epidemiológico, contextos de uso e limitações metodológicas dos estudos

“…Em relação aos artigos que trataram dos períodos de maior consumo das substâncias na faculdade 26,45 , um deles concluiu que 73% dos alunos referiram aumento no consumo de bebidas alcoólicas após ingressar na faculdade 26 ; já o outro concluiu que estimulantes eram utilizados principalmente nos últimos anos do curso médico 45 . À exceção de um estudo 41 , todos os outros incluíram homens e mulheres como participantes de pesquisa.…”

“…À exceção de um estudo 41 , todos os outros incluíram homens e mulheres como participantes de pesquisa. Além disso, dos 29 artigos analisados, 17 deles [18][19][20][21][22][25][26][27]29,[33][34][35][36][37]40,44,45 apresentaram predomínio do sexo feminino na amostra geral, dois tiveram amostra masculina maior 32,42 e apenas um possuía a mesma quantidade entre homens e mulheres 39 . Dos 28 artigos que consideraram homens e mulheres na composição amostral, 13 deles discutiram as diferenças de consumo das substâncias pesquisadas entre os sexos.…”

“…Dos 28 artigos que consideraram homens e mulheres na composição amostral, 13 deles discutiram as diferenças de consumo das substâncias pesquisadas entre os sexos. Em relação à frequência de uso de bebida alcoólica entre homens e mulheres, apenas três estudos concluíram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa no consumo "na vida" de álcool 36,44,45 . Sete estudos apontaram que o uso de álcool foi mais frequente entre os estudantes do sexo masculino 17,26,32,35,38,39,43 , à exceção de uma pesquisa que alegou que houve predomínio do uso "na vida" de bebida alcoólica por estudantes do sexo feminino em relação ao masculino 34 .…”