Prevalencia de leptospirosis en adultos Chile, 2003

Terrazas, Solana; Olea, Andrea M.; Riedemann, S.; Torres, Marisa

doi:10.4067/s0716-10182012000700009

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This further shows that unlike other diseases where men often suffer higher risk of exposure given their outdoor occupations, Leptospira exposure may be more important in women than men in pastoral areas. Similar findings have been made in a study that used National health survey data in Chile [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Leptospiraspp. seroprevalence in humans involved in a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya

Mutembei

Mutai

Mwololo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected bacterial zoonotic infection caused by spirochetes of Leptospira genus. Humans get infected through direct or indirect contact with urine of infected animals or environment. It accounts for more than 300,000 severe cases annually worldwide with case fatality rates of over 30%. Costs of diagnosis and treatment for human and animals, disruption of international trade of animals and products, reduced productivity and reproductivity in animals constitute economic importance. In Kenya, leptospirosis burden is significant but under-diagnosis and under-reporting affects the awareness of the disease. This study aimed to determine and compare the sero-prevalence and factors associated with Leptospira spp. in the two counties. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study that involved apparently healthy people of at least 5 years of age in randomly selected households in Garissa and Tana River Counties. Blood samples were collected and tested for Leptospira spp antibodies using IgM ELISA. Standardized structured questionnaires were administered to collect socio-demographic and exposure information. We calculated frequencies and proportions for categorical variables and odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate association between sero-positivity and exposure factors. We used Wilcoxon test to evaluate statistical difference in sero-positivity for continuous variables and calculated test statistic (H) and p-value. Results A total of 952 subjects were recruited into the study – these included 482 persons from Garissa and 470 from Tana River. The overall sero-prevalence was 26% [(244/952); (CI: 23% to 29%)]. Garissa County had significantly higher Leptospira spp. seroprevalence (31%, n = 147; CI: 27% to 35%) compared to Tana River County (21%, n = 97; CI: 17% to 25%). Being a female (OR=1.6, CI: 1.2-2.2) and engaging in pastoralism (OR=2.7, CI: 1.8-3.9) were significantly associated with higher odds of Leptospira spp. seropositivity compared to being a male or working in irrigated areas. The mean altitude of residence of sero-positive patients was 73m ± 21 SD (standard deviation) above sea level and that for sero-negative was 80m ± 22 SD (H=35, p-value = 0.00). Conclusion This study determined the seroprevalence and risk factors for Leptospira spp. exposure in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya. Females in pastoral communities experience high burden of the disease. Enhanced surveillance in humans and animals and further research is required to understand the complex and multifactorial drivers of leptospirosis transmission in the two Counties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Leptospiraspp. seroprevalence in humans involved in a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya

Mutembei

Mutai

Mwololo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Em um estudo sobre o risco ambiental de infecções por leptospirose na Holanda, a subnotificação de casos clínicos mais brandos acarretou em uma provável subestimação das Research, Society andDevelopment, v. 9, n. 10, e169108096, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8096 suas taxas de incidência. Assim, torna-se importante o investimento em obras para melhoria do saneamento básico, incluindo redes de coleta de esgoto e abastecimento de água, coleta e tratamento de lixo e esgotos, controle de roedores, além da notificação dos casos suspeitos, a monitorização dos pacientes pelos profissionais de saúde de cada localidade, assim como a prática da investigação epidemiológica para prevenir e identificar os possíveis novos casos e fonte de infecção, visando melhorar o diagnóstico da doença (Brasil, 2017;Gonçalves et al,2016;Rood et al,2017;Terrazas et al,2012;Vasylieva et al,2017).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análise histórica dos casos de leptospirose no município de Belém-PA, no período de 2013 a 2017

Dergan

Souza

Pereira

et al. 2020

RSD

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Objetivos: A pesquisa teve como objetivos analisar a série histórica dos casos de leptospirose no município de Belém-PA e identificar os bairros com maior número de casos notificados da doença, visando contribuir com possíveis medidas de prevenção. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, retrospectiva, descritiva-exploratória com base nos dados epidemiológicos fornecidos pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SESMA), no período de 2013 a 2017. Resultados: Foram identificados 758 casos notificados de leptospirose, com uma maior predominância nos bairros do Guamá, Pedreira, Marambaia, Marco e Tapanã. Observou-se uma redução do percentual de casos durante o período de estudo. Além disso, em relação à área de habitação e sítio de infecção, destacam-se a zona urbana com 91,5% (692/758) das notificações, seguido de 18,6% (141/758) de casos relacionados ao âmbito domiciliar. Conclusão: Essa pesquisa demonstrou que a leptospirose ainda se faz presente em Belém-PA, principalmente em alguns bairros como o Guamá que apresentaram os maiores números de notificações. Este achado reforça a importância da criação de políticas públicas voltadas à realidade socioambiental local, a fim de contribuir para a prevenção do problema na população.

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“…Although in Chile, it has been a notifiable disease in humans since 2001, studies on leptospirosis are scarce [ 20 , 21 ]; it is suspected to be underreported [ 22 ], as in many countries. In addition, it is an occupational disease associated with people in contact with animals and poor rural communities [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Leptospira spp. Seroprevalence and Herd-Level Risk Factors Associated with Chilean Dairy Cattle

Montes-Zambrano

Monti

2021

Animals

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Leptospirosis is a ubiquitous distributed zoonotic infectious disease present in wild and domestic animals. This study aimed to estimate within-herd and herd-level seroprevalence against pathogenic Leptospira spp. in dairy cows from southern Chile and identify risk factors associated with the herd-level status. We used a multi-stage strategy combined with a stratified sample strategy for randomly sampling 147 herds and 4876 lactating cows. We considered as infected a herd with at least one positive reactor to MAT. In addition, an epidemiological survey was applied to the herd’s owners and a logistic regression (LR) model was constructed to analyze it. The overall within-herd prevalence was 5.9% (95% CI 4.9–6.8), the overall herd-level prevalence was 42.2% (95% CI 9.2–47.9), and there was variation in both between different herd sizes. L. borgpetersenii serovars Hardjo and Tarassovi and L. interrogans serovar Pomona were the more frequent serovars in non-vaccinated herds. A factor that decreases the risk of a farm being infected was Leptospira vaccine usage (OR = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.02–0.11), and variables that increase risk were using bulls for mating (OR = 3.43; 95% CI = 1.1–10.1) and continuous calving distribution (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.3–8.8). The study’s results will contribute to unravelling the infection burden in the main dairy area of the country and designing control strategies.

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Prevalencia de leptospirosis en adultos Chile, 2003

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Leptospiraspp. seroprevalence in humans involved in a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya

Leptospiraspp. seroprevalence in humans involved in a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya

Análise histórica dos casos de leptospirose no município de Belém-PA, no período de 2013 a 2017

Pathogenic Leptospira spp. Seroprevalence and Herd-Level Risk Factors Associated with Chilean Dairy Cattle

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