Prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae en adolescentes de colegios de la zona Sabana Centro de Cundinamarca, Colombia

Paredes, María Cecilia; Gómez, Yenny; Torres, A; Fernández, María Cecilia; Tovar, María

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v35i3.2398

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These rates are higher than those reported in other regional surveys, 12 particularly among female adolescents (range: 2.2%-11.6%). [15][16][17][18] Factors associated with CT in this population accord with those found in the literature: female sex, multiple lifetime partners, increasing age and having experienced a pregnancy. Worldwide, female adolescents are more likely than males to acquire CT infection due to cervical ectopy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…be recontacted for a new sample (of sexually experienced participants, URB: n=9, CNB: n=21). The median age of participants overall was 17 years (IQR: 15.9-18.1), with minor differences by site and gender (URB females: 17 years, IQR: 16-18; URB males: 17 years, IQR: 16-18; CNB females: 17 years, IQR: 14-19; CNB males: 18 years, IQR:[16][17][18]. In URB sites, the majority of participants (95.9%) were of Latino/mixed Latino or Indigenous or African or Asian descent, where 95.0% of CNB participants were of Indigenous ethnicity(table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and determinants of genitalChlamydia trachomatisamong school-going, sexually experienced adolescents in urban and rural Indigenous regions of Panama

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and risk factors of genital Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) among school-going sexually experienced male and female adolescents in Panama.MethodsWe conducted two multisite cross-sectional studies using two-stage cluster sampling to select adolescents aged 14–19 years attending urban public high schools (URB) in Panama City, San Miguelito, Colón and Panama Oeste from 2015 to 2018, and in the rural Indigenous Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé (CNB) from July–November 2018. CT testing was performed by real-time PCR on urine samples. Random-effects logistic regression accounting for sample clustering was used to identify risk factors.ResultsWe enrolled 3166 participants (54.3% females), median age 17 years (IQR: 15.9–18.1), with no difference by sex. Sexual experience was reported by 1954 (61.7%) participants. Combined CT prevalence was 15.8% (95% CI: 14.2 to 17.4), with no significant differences by region (URB=16.5%, 95% CI: 14.7% to 18.6%; CNB=13.6%, 95% CI: 10.9% to 16.8%; p=0.12). In an age-and-region-adjusted analysis, CT prevalence was higher among female participants compared with males (21.6% vs 9.1%, adjusted OR (AOR)=2.87, 95% CI: 1.62 to 5.10). Among sexually experienced females, CT prevalence was higher among those who reported ≥3 lifetime sex partners compared with one partner (33.5% vs 15.3%, AOR=2.20, 95% CI: 1.09 to 4.07); and among those reporting at least one pregnancy compared with nulligravidae participants (30.9% vs 13.8%, AOR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.05 to 3.43). In unadjusted analyses among males, CT was associated with older age (11.5% among those aged 18–19 years vs 3.4% among those aged 14–15 years, OR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.10 to 12.33).ConclusionsWe report high CT prevalence among sexually experienced, school-going adolescents in Panama. Female adolescents, particularly those with multiple sex partners and a history of pregnancy, were at highest risk. Adolescent-targeted CT screening should be implemented in Panama. Additionally, evidence-based comprehensive sexuality education will be imperative.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

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Prevalence and determinants of genitalChlamydia trachomatisamong school-going, sexually experienced adolescents in urban and rural Indigenous regions of Panama

et al. 2020

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“…HIV/AIDS prevalence among Colombian youths is one of the highest in Latin America [2]. Rates for other STIs among young people between 15 and 24 years of age are also high, for instance, bacterial vaginosis (42%), human papillomavirus infection (28%), and infections by chlamydia (11.4%), gonorrhea (0.10%), and urethritis (6.2%) [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual risk among Colombian adolescents: knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, perceived control, intention, and sexual behavior

et al. 2018

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BackgroundColombia has one of the highest rates of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pregnancies - both of which are influenced by lack of condom use -, among adolescent population in Latin America; however, the mechanisms underlying the inconsistent use of condoms in this population are poorly understood. This descriptive and cross-sectional study’s purpose was to examine sexual behavior and its precursors using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and considering gender-based differences. Another objective was to study the mediating effect of intention in the relationship between behavior precursors and condom use based on the TPB.MethodsWe recruited 1100 adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years old (M = 15.94, SD = 1.30, 54.4% female) from Bogotá and Barranquilla, two of the cities with highest adolescent birth rates among adolescents in Colombia. Sociodemographic variables, knowledge on HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, including attitudes toward the use of condoms, normative beliefs, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and sexual behavior were assessed using self-reports. All analyses were run using SPSS v25. The indirect effect of intention to explain the relationship between precursors and the use of condoms during sexual intercourse was estimated using the PROCESS v3 macro.ResultsDescriptive analyses suggest a high risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies associated to inconsistent condom use, medium-low level of knowledge about sexual health, low normative beliefs regarding peers’ condom use, and a certain perceived difficulty for using condoms. Condoms are used 71% of the times they have sex, but only 22% of the participants use them consistently; girls use condoms more consistently than boys. Sexual risk characteristics differed significantly by gender. Mediation analyses indicated that condom use intention mediates the relationship between behavioral precursors and frequency of condom use, according to the TPB.ConclusionsFindings provide a better understanding of sexual risk and highlight important implications for the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents. There is a need of designing and implementing protocolized sexual health promotion programs in schools with the aim of reducing sexual risk behaviors in Colombian adolescents.

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“…En mujeres causa uretritis, salpingitis, endometriosis y cervicitis, cuyos síntomas iniciales incluyen flujo vaginal intermitente, intermenstrual y/o después de las relaciones sexuales puede estar acompañado de sangrado. Si no se trata a tiempo, la infección progresa hacia la parte superior del aparato reproductor ocasionando la enfermedad pélvica infla-matoria (4% a 12%), dolor pélvico crónico (18% a 24%) y otras secuelas reproductivas, que pueden ser asintomáticas y generan complicaciones severas como infertilidad del factor tubular (6% a 21%), embarazo ectópico (7% a 9%), muerte fetal o parto prematuro (35)(36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Patología De La Infección Por Ctunclassified

Tratamientos alternativos de medicina tradicional para Chlamydia trachomatis, agente causal de una infección asintomática

Gutiérrez

Mora

2018

nova

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En la actualidad, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) es una de las causas más frecuentes de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y morbilidad reproductiva en el mundo, Incluye tanto países desarrolladoscomo en vía de desarrollo, con un reporte alrededor de 92 millones de casos anuales. CT es una bacteria intracelular obligada cuyo inicio de la infección es asintomático, causa infección crónica, puede generar infección persistente y complicaciones como cáncer de ovario. Las infecciones por CT son asintomáticas en el 70% de las mujeres y el 40% de los hombres, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico en las fases tempranas de la infección y el tratamiento oportuno, lo que conlleva a un aumento en los contagios en la población. De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), el tratamiento para CT incluye la utilización de antibióticos tipo tetraciclinas, macrólidos y fluoroquinolonas. Sin embargo, a pesar de su alta tasa de eficacia, cada vez son más recurrentes las infecciones. Reportes recientes han demostrado resistencia por parte de los cuerpos elementales y se ha podido determinar que los antibióticos disminuyen la población de lactobacillus vaginales beneficiosos, causando mayores complicaciones en los pacientes. Basados en estos hallazgos, las investigaciones actuales se han centrado en terapias alternativas que reduzcan la actividad antichlamydial y que sean de libre acceso, generando el menor daño posible en los pacientes.

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Prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae en adolescentes de colegios de la zona Sabana Centro de Cundinamarca, Colombia

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence and determinants of genitalChlamydia trachomatisamong school-going, sexually experienced adolescents in urban and rural Indigenous regions of Panama

Prevalence and determinants of genitalChlamydia trachomatisamong school-going, sexually experienced adolescents in urban and rural Indigenous regions of Panama

Sexual risk among Colombian adolescents: knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, perceived control, intention, and sexual behavior

Tratamientos alternativos de medicina tradicional para Chlamydia trachomatis, agente causal de una infección asintomática

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