Prevalência de alterações auditivas em crianças de risco

Abstract

Heari ng impairment is prevalent in the general population; early intervention facilitates proper development. Aim:To establish the prevalence of hearing impairment in infants at risk, born between June 2006 and July 2008, and to correlate the variables with hearing loss.Type of study: descriptive and cross-sectional. Materials and Methods:188 newborns were evaluated using evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product and auditory behavior. Tests were repeated if the results were altered. If altered results persisted, the child was referred for impedance testing and, when necessary, for medical evaluation. Infants with normal conduction were referred for brainstem auditory evoked potential testing. Results:Of 188 children two (1.1%) were excluded, and 174 (92.6%) had results within normal limits. Hearing impairment was found in 12 children (6.3%); hearing loss was retrocochlear in three infants (25%). Unilateral hearing loss was present in two infants (16.7%); bilateral hearing loss was present in 10 infants (83.3%). Conclusion:The high prevalence of hearing impairment in this population underlines the importance of early audiological testing. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(6):739-44. ORIGINAL ARTICLE BJORL

Correlação entre perda auditiva e indicadores de risco em um serviço de referência em triagem auditiva neonatal

“…The protocol used was similar to the present study and the authors found a prevalence of 3.1% of sensorineural hearing loss in the group of preterm newborn and in the full-term group, of 0.82% (24) . Another study, conducted in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, with 346 newborns with very low weight, also found a prevalence of 3.0% of hearing loss in this population (10) . Nevertheless, a study conducted with 311 high-risk newborns followed at a School Maternity and two public hospitals in São Paulo, reported incidence of 11.6% of sensorineural hearing loss pointing to reports in the international literature of values close to those obtained by the authors (27) .…”

“…The association of RIHL is common, especially for those who remain in the NICU for more than five days (5) . It is known that the multiplicity of RIHL favors the increase of hearing deficits (10) and that, among the RIHLs presented by the child, the use of mechanical ventilation is related to progressive sensorineural loss, or late-onset (10) . In addition, prolonged use of ototoxic drugs, common in children in the ICU, may cause late-onset hearing loss (29) .…”

“…Researchers stressed that the prevalence of hearing loss in apparently normal neonates is of 1:1000 and increases to 1:50 in children with RIHL (10) , whereby these indicators may present variable occurrence (11)(12)(13) .…”

Developing the Persian Version of Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale

“…The prevalence of hearing loss in neonates with low risk extends from 0.09% to 2.3%; however, in the high-risk infants, it is estimated to range from 0.3% to 14.1%. The prevalence rate of hearing loss is as high as 11% in neonates with very low birth weight [2]. Iran lacks a nationwide estimation about hearing loss prevalence; however, based on some studies, it seems to be highly prevalent especially due to the high rate of consanguinity in Iran [3,4].…”

Maturação auditiva periférica: análise das amplitudes das emissões otoacústicas produto de distorção em neonatos pré-termo e a termo

“…Considering the newborns from the intensive care units (ICU), they occur in 2% to 4% (3,4) . In Brazil, this prevalence ranges from 1.8% to 6.3% among very low birth weight infants (5)(6)(7) . The risk indicators for hearing loss include the family history of congenital hearing loss; neurodegenerative disorders; cranial trauma; exchange transfusion due to hyperbilirubinemia; intrauterine congenital infections such as syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, HIV; post natal bacterial or viral infections as cytomegalovirus, herpes, measles, chickenpox and meningitis; birth weight lower than 1500 g; ototoxicity; syndromes associated with conductive or sensorineural hearing loss; chemotherapy; extracorporeal ventilation; assisted ventilation; severe perinatal anoxia; Apgar zero to four in the first minute, or zero to six in the fifth minute; craniofacial anomalies; maternal alcoholism and/or use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy; ventricular hemorrhage; duration of the stay in incubators longer than seven days; neonatal convulsions; child born small for gestational age; duration of the stay in the ICU longer than five days (8)(9)(10) .…”