Prevalence survey of schistosomiasis in Mindanao and the Visayas, The Philippines

Leonardo, Lydia; Rivera, Pilarita T.; Saniel, Ofelia P.; Villacorte, Elena A.; Crisostomo, Bobby; Hernandez, Leda; Baquilod, Mario; Erce, Edgardo; Martínez, Ruth; Velayudhan, Raman

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2008.04.006

Cited by 46 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While in the national survey, S. japonicum infections were diagnosed by the detection of eggs in two stool samples collected on two separate days from each individual, using a Kato–Katz thick smear examination, in the Western Samar study, samples were collected for up to three consecutive days and analysed with two slides per sample. In the national survey however, the submission of the second stool sample was not consistent (Leonardo et al, 2008, 2012). Therefore, for the purpose of maintaining consistency between the datasets, we used the results of only the first stool sample available in both the national survey and in the Western Samar study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We used S. japonicum infection data collected during the most recent national schistosomiasis surveys conducted in 2008 (Leonardo et al, 2008, 2012) (Supplementary Data S1). The surveys were divided into four phases: phase 1 for Mindanao (excluding Maguindanao), phase 2 for the Visayas, phase 3 for Luzon and phase 4 for Maguindanao.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent national parasite survey in The Philippines concluded that S. japonicum infection was endemic in 28 of the 80 provinces of the country (Leonardo et al, 2008, 2012). An estimated 6.7 million people are considered at risk, with 1.8 million estimated to be infected (Leonardo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent experience in Western Samar has shown very low acceptance of MDA by the population, despite community mobilization activities, with an average coverage of 48.3% in 50 villages, and values as low as 15.8% (Tallo et al, 2008). This has likely contributed to the prevalence of infection still being reported in some communities to be as high as 65% (Leonardo et al, 2008, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most up-to-date schistosomiasis prevalence data from The Philippines, and data from Western Samar, have shown considerable variability between communities (Tarafder et al, 2006; Leonardo et al, 2008, 2012). Spatial clustering of schistosome infections in high-prevalence communities is a well-described phenomenon (Clements et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Geographical distribution of human Schistosoma japonicum infection in The Philippines: tools to support disease control and further elimination

Magalhães

Salamat

Leonardo

et al. 2014

International Journal for Parasitology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schistosoma japonicum infection is believed to be endemic in 28 of the 80 provinces of The Philippines and the most recent data on schistosomiasis prevalence have shown considerable variability between provinces. In order to increase the efficient allocation of parasitic disease control resources in the country, we aimed to describe the small-scale spatial variation in S. japonicum prevalence across The Philippines, quantify the role of the physical environment in driving the spatial variation of S. japonicum, and develop a predictive risk map of S. japonicum infection. Data on S. japonicum infection from 35,754 individuals across the country were geolocated at the barangay level and included in the analysis. The analysis was then stratified geographically for the regions of Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao. Zero-inflated binomial Bayesian geostatistical models of S. japonicum prevalence were developed and diagnostic uncertainty was incorporated. Results of the analysis show that in the three regions, males and individuals aged ≥ 20 years had significantly higher prevalence of S. japonicum compared with females and children < 5 years. The role of the environmental variables differed between regions of The Philippines. Schistosoma japonicum infection was widespread in the Visayas whereas it was much more focal in Luzon and Mindanao. This analysis revealed significant spatial variation in the prevalence of S. japonicum infection in The Philippines. This suggests that a spatially targeted approach to schistosomiasis interventions, including mass drug administration, is warranted. When financially possible, additional schistosomiasis surveys should be prioritized for areas identified to be at high risk but which were under-represented in our dataset.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%