Prevalence, Severity, and Predictors of Poststroke Depression in a Prospective Cohort of Jordanian Patients

Abstract

Poststroke depression (PSD) is common and remains a significant risk factor for poor outcomes. This prospective study is aimed at assessing the prevalence, severity, and predictors of PSD among Jordanian stroke survivors. A total of 151 patients who were consequently admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital with ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes were enrolled. Participants were screened on admission for premorbid depression using the PHQ-9 questionnaire; then, screening for PSD was repeated one and three months after stroke using the same tool. Depression prevalence at each screening was reported, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate for significant predictors. PHQ-9 scores suggestive of depression were reported by 15%, 24.83%, and 17.39% of respondents on admission and after one and three months, respectively. Scores suggesting severe depression were reported by 0.71%, 2.13%, and 6.52% of respondents, respectively. Significant predictors of PSD were having chronic kidney disease, current smoking status, moderate or severe disability (mRS score) at stroke onset, and severe dependence (BI) after one month ( p values 0.007, 0,002, 0.014, and 0.031, respectively). Patients with secondary and high school education levels were less likely to get depression compared with illiterate patients ( p 0.042). This study showed that nearly one in four Jordanian stroke survivors experienced PSD after one month. In contrast, while the overall PSD prevalence declined towards the end of follow-up period, patients who remained depressed showed a tendency towards higher PSD severity.

Creative Art Therapy for Improving Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with Stroke: A Quasi-Interventional Study

“…Approximately two-thirds of the participants had moderate depressive symptoms, and half of them suffered from moderate anxiety and stress symptoms. These results echoed the findings of previous studies, which have cited a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Jordanian patients with stroke ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2018 ).…”

“…In addition, Khazaal et al (2021) reported that 24.8% of study participants suffered from neuropathic pain, and 94% suffered from fatigue, indicating that neuropsychiatric conditions are highly prevalent among Jordanians with stroke, which in turn increased the rate of mental health difficulties. A recent study in Jordan reported that 15%, 24.83%, and 17.39% of respondents suffer poststroke depression on admission and after one and three months, respectively ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ). Chronic renal problems, smoking, and stroke-related disability and dependence are strong predictors of the levels of poststroke depression ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ), and low education levels, comorbid diseases, and independence have been linked to poststroke depression ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2018 ).…”

“…A recent study in Jordan reported that 15%, 24.83%, and 17.39% of respondents suffer poststroke depression on admission and after one and three months, respectively ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ). Chronic renal problems, smoking, and stroke-related disability and dependence are strong predictors of the levels of poststroke depression ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ), and low education levels, comorbid diseases, and independence have been linked to poststroke depression ( Al Qawasmeh et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2022 ; Ayasrah et al, 2018 ). Although patients with stroke suffer from a wide range of psychological difficulties, intervention studies related to their psychological status in the MENA region, including Jordan, are scarce ( Kaadan & Larson, 2017 ).…”

Palliative Care Needs Among Jordanian Women Living with Stroke: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study

“…Psychological and emotional distress is a common complication after stroke and impacts all aspects of recovery [25,26]. This study explored many psychological symptoms experienced by Jordanian women, such as anxiety, loss of self-control, grief over life before the stroke, boredom, and social isolation.…”

Hubungan Tingkat Disabilitas terhadap Depresi pada Pasien Stroke Lansia (≥60 Tahun) di Indonesia (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018)

“…Hal ini berkaitan dengan bahwa tingkat pendidikan seseorang akan mempengaruhi pengetahuan dan informasi yang didapat mengenai status kesehatannya. Sehingga ketika pengetahuan seseorang lebih rendah tentang apa yang harus mereka lakukan dan ketidaktahuan mengenai pengelolaan kesehatan dalam dirinya, mereka akan lebih banyak membutuhkan bantuan orang lain untuk melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari sehingga lebih berisiko untuk terkena depresi (2,17,18). Eman M. Khedr (2020) dalam penelitiannya juga menyebutkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan rendah merupakan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi seseorang menjadi depresi pasca stroke (9).…”