Prevalence, risk factors and awareness of diabetic retinopathy among admitted diabetic patients at a tertiary level hospital in Kathmandu

Thapa, Raba; Joshi, Deepak; Rizyal, Aparna; Maharjan, Nhukesh; Joshi, Rajesh

doi:10.3126/nepjoph.v6i1.10760

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This could explain the association between diabetes and retinopathy observed in the present study. Thapa et al, [3], Thomas et al, [19], Jingi et al, [20] highlighted the same association. The imbalance of diabetes was a risk factor for complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Yang et al, [18] found the same association between physical activity level and retinopathy. In opposite, Thapa et al, [3] have reported that there is any association between tobacco consumption and retinopathy. The association between hypertension and diabetic retinopathy was variously appreciated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These complications include the retinopathy that is the set of consecutive retinal lesions or related to diabetes. This is the most severe ocular complications of diabetes [2,3]. In industrialized countries, it is the leading cause of blindness in adult before the age of 50 years [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors of Retinopathy Among Diabetic’s Patients in Benin in 2014

Assavedo¹

2016

OCR

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Risk Factors of Retinopathy Among Diabetic’s Patients in Benin in 2014

Assavedo¹

2016

OCR

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“…Doctors and family members were the predominant source for awareness of DR in our study, similar to studies conducted in India [ 11 , 20 ]. Studies conducted among diabetics attending a hospital have almost always shown a higher awareness (67–87 %) of DR in Nepal and other countries [ 12 , 21 – 24 ]. A more comprehensive health care strategy, including timely referral to an ophthalmologist by physicians and other eye care providers, could potentially lead to a higher rate of awareness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population awareness of diabetic eye disease and age related macular degeneration in Nepal: the Bhaktapur Retina Study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are among the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness in developing countries. This study aims to explore the awareness of these retinal diseases in Nepal.MethodA population based cross-sectional study conducted among individuals 60 years and older from the Bhaktapur district of Nepal. One thousand consecutive subjects were enrolled and subjected to a structured questionnaire.ResultSubject age ranged from 60 to 93 years with a meanof 69.5 years ± 7.1(S.D.). Males and females comprised 45.1 and 55.9 % of the population, respectively. The majority was illiterate (78.2 %), and agriculture was the predominant occupation (79.8 %). 12.1 % were aware of the effect of diabetes on the eye, and among them, 99 % were aware that diabetes was a blinding disease caused by DR.11.5 % of the subjects were aware of DR, and 10.1 % were aware that subjects with diabetes should undergo periodic eye examinations. Only 7.6 % of subjects were aware of AMD.7.5 and 7.4 % were aware about its aggravation with smoking and sunlight exposure, respectively. Younger age group, males, literates, service holders, best corrected visual acuity >0.3 LogMAR, were each significantly associated with an increase in awareness of diabetic retinopathy. Smokers and those with agricultural occupations were less aware regarding AMD. Those with diabetes,with or without DRwere significantly more aware than those not having the disease.ConclusionAmong the Bhaktapur population, awareness of DR and AMD was only 11.5 and7.6 % respectively. Older age groups, females, illiterates, farmers, and those with poor visual acuity were less aware of these blinding diseases. We recommend community-based eye health education programs targeted at raising awareness of these diseases and preventive measures.

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“…This is consistent with findings reported from many parts of the world that between 25 and 50% of persons with diabetes present with visual loss at the first visit to an eye facility. [ 19 20 21 ] In a long-standing condition like diabetes, compliance with medication and follow-up is a major problem. Therefore, educational/counseling interventions for persons with diabetes should emphasize the critical importance of regular medication and glycemic control as well as the need for regular retinal examination even if they do not have symptoms of visual loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of care and barriers to treatment in individuals with diabetic retinopathy in India: 11-city 9-state study

Shukla

Gudlavalleti

Bandyopadhyay

et al. 2016

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Background:Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of visual impairment. Low awareness about the disease and inequitable distribution of care are major challenges in India.Objectives:Assess perception of care and challenges faced in availing care among diabetics.Materials and Methods:The cross-sectional, hospital based survey was conducted in eleven cities. In each city, public and private providers of eye-care were identified. Both multispecialty and standalone facilities were included. Specially designed semi-open ended questionnaires were administered to the clients.Results:376 diabetics were interviewed in the eye clinics, of whom 62.8% (236) were selected from facilities in cities with a population of 7 million or more. The mean duration of known diabetes was 11.1 (±7.7) years. Half the respondents understood the meaning of adequate glycemic control and 45% reported that they had visual loss when they first presented to an eye facility. Facilities in smaller cities and those with higher educational status were found to be statistically significant predictors of self-reported good/adequate control of diabetes. The correct awareness of glycemic control was significantly high among attending privately-funded facilities and higher educational status. Self-monitoring of glycemic status at home was significantly associated with respondents from larger cities, privately-funded facilities, those who were better educated and reported longer duration of diabetes. Duration of diabetes (41%), poor glycemic control (39.4%) and age (20.7%) were identified as the leading causes of DR. The commonest challenges faced were lifestyle/behavior related.Conclusions:The findings have significant implications for the organization of diabetes services in India.

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Prevalence, risk factors and awareness of diabetic retinopathy among admitted diabetic patients at a tertiary level hospital in Kathmandu

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Risk Factors of Retinopathy Among Diabetic’s Patients in Benin in 2014

Risk Factors of Retinopathy Among Diabetic’s Patients in Benin in 2014

Population awareness of diabetic eye disease and age related macular degeneration in Nepal: the Bhaktapur Retina Study

Perception of care and barriers to treatment in individuals with diabetic retinopathy in India: 11-city 9-state study

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