Prevalence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin-Resistant  &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; (MRSA) Obtained From Nares of Patients and Staff of Sokoto State-Owned Hospitals in Nigeria

Adeiza, Shuaibu Suleiman; Onaolapo, Josiah Ademola; Olayinka, Busayo Olalekan

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3704591

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The MRSA burden ranges from 16% to 55% in most of the African countries. In Egypt, MRSA prevalence is about 45% -52% [6]. This high burden of MRSA has a negative effect on the long hospitalization, treatment cost, and high mortality and morbidity among the critically ill patients [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among health care workers at an Egyptian tertiary care hospital

Allam

Fakhr

Mahmoud³

et al. 2020

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization in health care workers (HCWs) is a major factor of nosocomial infections. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is incriminated in hospital-acquired infection. Objectives: To evaluate the colonization rates of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA among HCWs at Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital. Methods: We recruited 163 HCWs in a cross section study. Staphylococcus aureus was identified phenotypically by coagulase, with DNase tests and genotypically by nuc gene detection. Antibiotics sensitivity was tested by disk diffusion. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for mecA was done to confirm MRSA identification. Results: Forty-eight S. aureus strain were isolated. The frequency of nasal colonization of S. aureus in HCWs was 29.44% (48/163), the frequency of MRSA isolates in HCWs was 27.6% (45/163), and frequency of MRSA isolates among S.aureus isolates was 93.8% (45/48). Prior infection (last 3 months) and living in crowded places increased significantly risk of MRSA nasal carriage by 29.3 and 79.59 folds respectively Conclusion: We demonstrated high rates of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA among HCWs. Prior infection and living in crowded places were risk factors for methicillin resistance among isolated S.aureus strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among health care workers at an Egyptian tertiary care hospital

Allam

Fakhr

Mahmoud³

et al. 2020

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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“…Studies by Faiqa et al (2016), CLSI (2017), and Adeiza et al (2020) have suggested that disc diffusion tests using cefoxitin are superior because it is a more effective inducer of mecA expression, is less affected by test conditions and penicillinase hyperproduction, provides simpler end points, is easier to read, and is more repeatable than tests with Oxacillin disk. In this investigation, the prevalence of ermA was 3.8% and ermC was 6.3% in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical and environmental samples.…”

Section: Bajopas Volume 15 Number 1 June 2022mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antibiotic susceptibility profile of methicillin and erythromycin resistant genes in clinical and environmental strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Minna Nigeria

Mamman¹,

Angulu²,

Musa³

et al. 2022

Bayero J. Pure App. Sci.

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Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to the antibiotic methicillin (MRSA) is a growing global health threat. The disc diffusion method was used to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus. From clinical and environmental samples, Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 21.9% (73/360) of the cases. Staphylococcus aureus predominance in environmental samples was 24%, compared to 20.5 in clinical samples. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was highest among people aged 18 to 49 (74%) and lowest among those aged 0 to 17 (42%) and 50 to 70 (4%). Staphylococcus aureus was more common in females (22.4%), compared to males (20%). Staphylococcus aureus showed 88.60%, 45.60%, 34.20%, 21.50%, 18.90%, 11.40%, 8.90%, 6.30%, and 5.10%, respectively, resistance to Oxacillin, Cefoxitin, Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Erythromycin, Norfloxacin, Rifampicin, and Gentamycin. All 79 of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were 100% responsive to septrin and levofloxacin. The isolates were used to molecularly identify the genes for methicillin (mecA) and erythromycin (ermA and ermC). The clinical and environmental samples revealed a comparatively high frequency of Staphylococcus aureus.

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“…aureus (MRSA) now commonly carries resistance to multiple other antibiotics as well, as does S. pneumoniae. , While agents such as vancomycin and daptomycin typically retain their effectiveness against MRSA, isolated cases of resistance to all of these have been reported, and it seems only a matter of time before many or all of these phenotypes are found in a single strain. ,, The reduced ability to treat bacterial pathogens leads to worse outcomes for patients with community-derived as well as hospital-acquired infections …”

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confidence: 99%

“…6,7 While agents such as vancomycin and daptomycin typically retain their effectiveness against MRSA, isolated cases of resistance to all of these have been reported, and it seems only a matter of time before many or all of these phenotypes are found in a single strain. 3,6,7 The reduced ability to treat bacterial pathogens leads to worse outcomes for patients with community-derived as well as hospital-acquired infections. 8 Rising antibiotic resistance is not a new problem and has plagued medicine since antibiotics were first discovered.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Unlike its partner elongation factor EF-G, which is targeted by multiple antibiotics that have been approved for human or veterinary use (e.g., fusidic acid (5), thiostrepton ( 6)), EF-Türepresents a validated but untapped antibacterial target. At least four families of potent and structurally diverse leads have been identified (Scheme 3), including kirromycin (7), enacyloxin IIa (8), pulvomycin (9), and GE2270A (10). 18 These antibiotics are active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.…”

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Prospects for Antibacterial Discovery and Development

et al. 2021

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The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is an urgent health crisis that can only be countered through renewed investment in the discovery and development of antibiotics. There is no panacea for the antibacterial resistance crisis; instead, a multifaceted approach is called for. In this Perspective we make the case that, in the face of evolving clinical needs and enabling technologies, numerous validated antibacterial targets and associated lead molecules deserve a second look. At the same time, many worthy targets lack good leads despite harboring druggable active sites. Creative and inspired techniques buoy discovery efforts; while soil screening efforts frequently lead to antibiotic rediscovery, researchers have found success searching for new antibiotic leads by studying underexplored ecological niches or by leveraging the abundance of available data from genome mining efforts. The judicious use of “polypharmacology” (i.e., the ability of a drug to alter the activities of multiple targets) can also provide new opportunities, as can the continued search for inhibitors of resistance enzymes with the capacity to breathe new life into old antibiotics. We conclude by highlighting available pharmacoeconomic models for antibacterial discovery and development while making the case for new ones.

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Prevalence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Obtained From Nares of Patients and Staff of Sokoto State-Owned Hospitals in Nigeria

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) obtained from the nasal cavity Shuaibu Suleiman Adeiza 1 of participants and investigate the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates from Sokoto state, Nigeria.

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among health care workers at an Egyptian tertiary care hospital

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among health care workers at an Egyptian tertiary care hospital

Identification and antibiotic susceptibility profile of methicillin and erythromycin resistant genes in clinical and environmental strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Minna Nigeria

Prospects for Antibacterial Discovery and Development

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