Prevalence, perception and factors associated with diabetes mellitus among the adult population in central Vietnam: a population-based, cross-sectional seroepidemiological survey

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes Mellitus (DM) has rapidly become a major public health concern in Vietnam. Although the prevalence of DM has been studied in northern and southern Vietnam, little data are available for the central region. Therefore, the aims of this survey were to estimate the prevalence of DM and to identify the perception of and factors associated with DM among the adult population in central Vietnam.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, population-based survey in Khánh Hòa Province, Vietnam in December 2014 using three-stage cluster sampling and probability proportional to size sampling in line with the World Health Organization STEPwise approach. Four hundred and eighty residents aged 20–70 years were selected from 30 villages in 10 wards/communes. After obtaining informed consent, all residents participated in interviews regarding lifestyle, medical history, and perception of DM and underwent physical measurements and blood examination for fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Factors associated with DM were analyzed using a logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 376 residents were enrolled (response rate: 78.3%; females: 59%; rural residents: 61%). Among the participants, 14.3% and 18.9% of males and females, respectively, were classified as overweight/obese according to body mass index (BMI), 37.7% and 22.1%, respectively, had hypertension, and 36.4% and 11.7% had metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of DM in the entire population was 7.2% (27/376; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6–9.8). Participants aged 60–70 years were more likely to have DM than those aged 30–39 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 8.7; 95%CI: 1.4–56.0), and participants classified as obese were more likely to have DM than those with normal or low BMI (aOR: 10.2; 95%CI: 2.2–50.2). Furthermore, more than two-thirds (254/376, 67.6%) of the participants either did not understand or had never heard of DM, and less than half of the DM cases (12/27, 44%) were aware of their history of DM.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggested that the prevalence of DM among the adult population in central Vietnam was slightly higher than that in other areas. Additional research is needed to further explore perceptions of and practices regarding DM.

Diagnosed and undiagnosed Diabetes mellitus among urban adults: a population based cross-sectional study

“…The finding is also comparable with study report of sub national studies in Asia including Indian industrial community, 38.4% [44] and central Vietnam, 44.6% [47]. Thus, efforts have to be made, particularly by the individuals involved in health practice, to early detect the disease and thereby initiate a suitable therapeutic service, before complications, arise.…”

Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Hanoi, Vietnam

“…There are several studies about the risk factors for OW/OB in Vietnam. A study performed in central Vietnam showed that BMI was the largest contributor to diabetes mellitus risk, with an OR of more than ten times compared to low-and normal-BMIs [18]. Therefore, preventing OW/OB in children plays an important role in preventing NCDs in the future.…”

Diabetes: What Challenges Lie Ahead for Vietnam?

“…In recent years, the diabetes prevention program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has facilitated primary health care, which includes suggestions on how to empower patients, help them to take control of their blood sugar and follow a self-controlled diet [35]. However, the findings suggest that 67% of the participants had never heard of DM [23], and only 3.9% had a moderate or above knowledge level about the dangers and complications of the disease; additionally, only 0.6% had experience with the risk factors, and 21.9% had knowledge about the prevention and treatment of diabetes [18]. Abdominal obesity (obesity by the waist-hip ratio [WHR]) was positively associated with female gender (OR 43.64, 95% CI 13.15-144.86); however, it was negatively associated with smokers and people aged ≥60 in ethnic groups other than the Kinh and Tay religions [21].…”

“…However, there have been no studies conducted in the provinces with ethnic minorities to analyze the incidence of diabetes among these ethnic groups [22]. A cross-sectional study identifying the perception of and factors associated with DM showed that participants aged 60-70 years were more likely to have DM than those aged 30-39 years, and participants classified as obese were more likely to have DM than those with a healthy or low BMI [23]. The results of a multivariate logistic regression model unveiled the proportion of the Kinh ethnic group with diabetes as being 19.7 higher than that of an ethnic minority group, and this difference was statistically significant (OR = 19.7; 95% CI:…”