Prevalence, pattern and impact of sleep disturbance on quality of life and exercise participation among children with cerebral palsy in Kano city

Abstract

Introduction Sleep disturbance (SD) could have negative impact on the general well-being of children with cerebral palsy (CWCP). Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of SD and its impact on quality of life and exercise participation among CWCP. Material and Methods In the cross-sectional study, CWCP and their siblings were recruited from secondary and tertiary hospitals in Kano City. SD, gross motor function (GMF), spasticity and quality of life were assessed with SD scale, GMF classification system, modified Ashworth scale and pediatric quality of life inventory, respectively. Data was analyzed with Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests, linear and hierarchical regressions using SPSS version 20.0. Results There were 200 CWCP (aged 4.35±8.03 years) and 200 siblings (aged 5.89±3.06 years). The prevalence of SD in CWCP was 31.5%. CWCP suffered more SD than their siblings (p<0.001). SD in CWCP is influenced by GMF level (ß=0.378, p<0.001) and gender (ß=0.16, p<0.05). SD has negative influence on quality of life (ß=-0.18, p<0.001), active participation in home-based (ß=-0.23, p<0.000), and clinic-based exercises (ß=-0.24, p<0.00). GMF levels (ß=-0.505, p<0.0001), hamstring spasticity (ß=-0.250, p<0.005), and age (ß=-0.207, p<0.001) also have influenced on quality of life. Conclusion One-third of the CWCP suffered pathologic SD, which has negative impact on their quality of life and the ability to actively participate in both home and clinic-based exercises. Aside SD, other factors such as child’s age, spasticity level and severity of motor impairment also affected their quality of life negatively. Enhancing the motor abilities of CWCP may improve their quality of sleep and quality of life.

“It Affects Everything about Me”: Sleep Problems among Children with Cerebral Palsy and Their Caregivers in Ile-Ife—A Mixed-Methods Study

“…This is comparable to the finding of a prevalence of 31.5% of sleep disturbances among CWCP in Kano, northern Nigeria. 13 Also, the prevalence of sleep problems in CWCP in our study is similar to findings in earlier studies done in Malaysia, India, and Uganda. 3,12,16 According to a systematic review by Horwood et al, using the SDSC, the prevalence ranged between 13 and 36%.…”

“…It had been used in earlier studies on sleep in CWCP within Africa and in northern Nigeria. 12 13 It is a short, 26-item, parent-reported measure in which the respondent reports their child's sleep habits over the preceding 6 months. The items on the scale are rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale.…”

“…3,11 A few studies done in Africa have examined the effects of the children's and caregivers' sleep on the well-being of the caregivers using only quantitative methods. 12,13 However, the sociocultural dimensions of caregiving in most African settings and the experiences of the caregivers in these resource-poor settings can be better understood with the use of qualitative research methods or a combination of methods. Hence, this study aims to describe the prevalence and patterns of sleep problems in CWCP, the child factors associated with these sleep problems, and their caregivers' sleep quality using both qualitative and quantitative methods.…”

Sleep in children/adolescents: from self-perception to technical/ economic issues

“…Although the sample studied was small, the significant difference in the scores obtained were sufficiently consistent to support the conclusions. Further studies including a snoring non-surgical control group might also add more information to this situation 9 .…”