Prevalence of West Nile Virus Neutralizing Antibodies in Wild Birds from the Camargue Area, Southern France

Jourdain, Elsa; Zeller, H.; Sabatier, Philippe; Murri, Séverine; Kayser, Yves; Greenland, Timothy; Lafaye, Murielle; Gauthier‐Clerc, Michel

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-44.3.766

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In wild birds, the predicted seroprevalence rate at the arrival of spring migrations in Europe (1% for European resident birds, 7% for long distance migrants) is close to that obtained in Moravia (Czech Republic) (global rate of 5.6% for resident and migratory birds) [35]. It is also close to the seroprevalence rate obtained at the same period in Camargue, Southern France: 0.8% in resident birds and 7.6% in long distance migrants [37]. In vectors, the predicted proportion of infected mosquitoes in Europe (maximal value: 1/1 000) is also comparable with minimal infection rates obtained in Portugal ( Cx .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Thus, some WNV strains may have been circulating in sylvatic cycles in Europe since the 1960s. Indeed, in several European countries, serological studies have shown a low-level circulation of WNV: Czech Republic [35], Poland [41], Romania [67], France [36, 37] and Spain [46]. In these studies, WNV circulation was demonstrated by seropositive results in resident birds [36, 41, 67] and/or in hatch-year migratory birds captured in summer [35, 37, 46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A metapopulation model to simulate West Nile virus circulation in Western Africa, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin

Durand¹,

Balança

Baldet³

et al. 2010

Vet. Res.

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In Europe, virological and epidemiological data collected in wild birds and horses suggest that a recurrent circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) could exist in some areas. Whether this circulation is permanent (due to overwintering mechanisms) or not remains unknown. The current conception of WNV epidemiology suggests that it is not: this conception combines an enzootic WNV circulation in tropical Africa with seasonal introductions of the virus in Europe by migratory birds. The objectives of this work were to (i) model this conception of WNV global circulation; and (ii) evaluate whether the model could reproduce data and patterns observed in Europe and Africa in vectors, horses, and birds. The model was calibrated using published seroprevalence data obtained from African (Senegal) and European (Spain) wild birds, and validated using independent, published data: seroprevalence rates in migratory and resident wild birds, minimal infection rates in vectors, as well as seroprevalence and incidence rates in horses. According to this model, overwintering mechanisms are not needed to reproduce the observed data. However, the existence of such mechanisms cannot be ruled out.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metapopulation model to simulate West Nile virus circulation in Western Africa, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin

Durand¹,

Balança

Baldet³

et al. 2010

Vet. Res.

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“…In southern France, WNV was detected in late summer of 2000 and 2004. Migratory passerines were found with higher prevalence of WNV neutralizing antibodies (7.0%) than resident and short-distance migratory passerines (0.8%), suggesting exposure to WNV or a related flavivirus during overwintering in Africa [33]. Additionally in Spain it was found that Trans-Saharan migrant species had both higher prevalence and antibody titres than resident and short-distance migrants [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Use of Wild Bird Surveillance, Human Case Data and GIS Spatial Analysis for Predicting Spatial Distributions of West Nile Virus in Greece

et al. 2014

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West Nile Virus (WNV) is the causative agent of a vector-borne, zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. Recent expansion and introduction of WNV into new areas, including southern Europe, has been associated with severe disease in humans and equids, and has increased concerns regarding the need to prevent and control future WNV outbreaks. Since 2010, 524 confirmed human cases of the disease have been reported in Greece with greater than 10% mortality. Infected mosquitoes, wild birds, equids, and chickens have been detected and associated with human disease. The aim of our study was to establish a monitoring system with wild birds and reported human cases data using Geographical Information System (GIS). Potential distribution of WNV was modelled by combining wild bird serological surveillance data with environmental factors (e.g. elevation, slope, land use, vegetation density, temperature, precipitation indices, and population density). Local factors including areas of low altitude and proximity to water were important predictors of appearance of both human and wild bird cases (Odds Ratio = 1,001 95%CI = 0,723–1,386). Using GIS analysis, the identified risk factors were applied across Greece identifying the northern part of Greece (Macedonia, Thrace) western Greece and a number of Greek islands as being at highest risk of future outbreaks. The results of the analysis were evaluated and confirmed using the 161 reported human cases of the 2012 outbreak predicting correctly (Odds = 130/31 = 4,194 95%CI = 2,841–6,189) and more areas were identified for potential dispersion in the following years. Our approach verified that WNV risk can be modelled in a fast cost-effective way indicating high risk areas where prevention measures should be implemented in order to reduce the disease incidence.

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“…It has been shown that long-distance migrating passeriform birds captured in France had a 7% prevalence of WNV-neutralizing antibodies (21). However, a limited time of viremia and an impaired physical condition of WNV-infected birds would presumably reduce their potential to disperse the virus (8, 22, 23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the potential roles of ticks and migrating birds in the ecology of West Nile virus

Hagman

Barboutis²,

Ehrenborg

et al. 2014

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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BackgroundMosquitoes are the primary vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Ticks have, however, been suggested to be potential reservoirs of WNV. In order to investigate their role in the spread of the virus, ticks, which had been collected from birds migrating northwards from Africa to Europe, were analyzed for the potential presence of WNV-RNA.MethodsOn the Mediterranean islands Capri and Antikythira a total of 14,824 birds were captured and investigated from which 747 ticks were collected.Results and conclusionMost of the identified ticks (93%) were nymphs and larvae of Hyalomma marginatum sensu lato, most of which were or appear to be Hyalomma rufipes. Of these ticks 729 were individually screened for WNV-RNA. None of the ticks was found to be WNV positive. Thus, there was no evidence that Hyalomma marginatum s.l. ticks play a role in the spread of WNV from Africa to Europe.

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Prevalence of West Nile Virus Neutralizing Antibodies in Wild Birds from the Camargue Area, Southern France

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

A metapopulation model to simulate West Nile virus circulation in Western Africa, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin

A metapopulation model to simulate West Nile virus circulation in Western Africa, Southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin

Use of Wild Bird Surveillance, Human Case Data and GIS Spatial Analysis for Predicting Spatial Distributions of West Nile Virus in Greece

On the potential roles of ticks and migrating birds in the ecology of West Nile virus

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