Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Egyptian patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension

Abstract

BackgroundHypertensive disorders of pregnancy can cause severe maternal and fetal acute morbidity and mortality. Women with pre-eclampsia have been found to have alterations in calcium and vitamin D metabolism. There are conflicting results regarding the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of pre-eclampsia. The aim was to compare 25 (OH) D level in patients with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and normotensive pregnant women as well as to study the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among the 3 groups.Patients and methodsTwo hundred patients with pre-eclampsia, 100 with eclampsia and 200 normotensive pregnant controls were compared as regards vitamin D level.ResultsMean 25(OH)D level was lower in the pre-eclampsia (14.8 ± 5.4 ng/mL) and in the eclampsia group (10.5 ± 1.6 ng/mL) than in the pregnant controls (19.5 ± 6.5 ng/mL) (P = 0.002). This difference was only significant between the eclampsia group and the pregnant controls (P = 0.02). All eclampsia cases had vitamin D insufficiency as compared to 17.5% in the pre-eclampsia group and 39.5% in the control group. Deficiency of vitamin D (<12 ng/mL) was 47.5% in the pre-eclampsia group, 80% in the eclampsia group and only 10.5% in the control group (P = 0.035).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among Egyptian pregnant females. Our study supports the hypothesis that low vitamin D level can play a role in the development of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Thus, supplementation might prevent or delay the development of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia especially in patients at a high risk.

Vitamin D-Related Risk Factors for Maternal Morbidity during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

“…The studies were published between 2012 and 2021. The original research studies used data from India [ 57 , 58 , 61 ], Denmark [ 59 ], the United States [ 54 , 56 ], Germany [ 55 ], Nigeria [ 53 ], the Northern Hemisphere [ 51 ], Canada [ 52 ], Brazil [ 50 ], Egypt [ 60 ], Sweden [ 62 ], and Mexico [ 63 ]. The review research studies included data from Brazil, India, the United States, Puerto Rico, Spain, Iran, and Australia [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”

“…In 2020, Schoenmakers and colleagues [ 62 ] found a correlation between a relatively high concentration of 1,2(OH)2D and hypercalcemia in pregnant women during the third trimester. The retrospective and explorative study investigated the prevalence of hypercalcemia in a cohort of 2121 women—1827 screened for hypercalcemia in T3.…”

Application Effect of Cluster-Based Care in Patients with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Osteoarthritis

“…If prenatal treatment intervention cannot be given in time, it may lead to abortion. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is an independent risk factor for postpartum bleeding, and osteoarthritis will lead to further reduction of patients' daily activities, affecting the daily life of patients [ 13 , 14 ]. The traditional mode of care can mainly reduce the risk of pregnancy through prenatal examination guidance, blood pressure control, health education, and medication guidance.…”

Relationship between Maternal Vitamin D Levels and Adverse Outcomes

“…Numerous studies have found that maternal VD status during pregnancy is strongly associated with PIH [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Furthermore, PIH may be associated with abnormal local synthesis of active 1,25(OH)2D from the precursor 25OHD, and low levels of maternal 25OHD may further impair the production of 1,25(OH)2D in the placenta [ 45 ].…”