Prevalence of Type I Lip Print among Medical Students in a Medical College of Nepal

Abstract

Introduction: Lip prints, due to their unique patterns are typical to an individual, hence, used for personal identification. They vary in predominance, gender and race among different populations. The objective is to study their distribution among medical students and identify the predominant type. Methods:The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the medical students of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, from April 2019 to May 2019 after the ethical approval. Convenience sampling was used. The prints were classified according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi. The collected data was entered in SPSS to determine the frequency and percentage. Sub group analysis was done on basis of gender and types of lip print. Results:Out of 205 participants, prevalence of type I lip print among medical students is 70 (34.1%). Type I lip print was found to be most common followed by Type II in 57 (27.8%) and Type V in 6 (2.9%). One hundred forty one (68.8%) were male and 64 (31.2%) were female. The predominating pattern in RUQ; LUQ; LLQ; RLQ among male and female is Type I 46 (32.6%) and Type I 39 (27.7%); Type II 39 (27.7%) and Type II 44 (31.2%); Type I 19 (29.7%) and Type II 19 (29.7%); Type I 31 (48.4%) and Type I 27 (42.2%) respectively. Conclusions:Type I was the most common while Type V was the least common lip print. However, there was variation in its frequency and distribution according to the quadrant and sex. ________________________________________________________________________________________

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among First-year Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

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“…Two other studies conducted in Nepal among medical students also reported academic-related stressors as considerable distress among them. [10][11] The limitation of our study is that it was conducted among first-year medical students of a single hospital and it cannot be generalized to all the first-year medical undergraduates of Nepal. There is no consideration of genetic predisposition, family history, pre-existing mental disorders of the medical students.…”

“…2 Stress is a physiological and psychological stimulus that causes bodily or mental tension. 3 Medical education is one of the most competitive fields that create intense stress among students, which harms the learning process, mental and physical health of students. There has been an increase in the number of suicides and dropouts among medical students.…”

“…There has been an increase in the number of suicides and dropouts among medical students. 4,5 There are fewer studies that assess the burden of depression, anxiety, and stress specifically targeting first-year medical students in Nepal. Therefore it is important to have more studies concerning the mental health of medical students in their early years of medical school.…”

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