Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Algerian patients with hepatitis C virus infection

Rouabhia, Samir; Malek, R.; Bounecer, Hocine; Dekaken, Aoulia; Amor, F.; Sadelaoud, Mourad; Benouar, Abderrahmene

doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i27.3427

Cited by 44 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The overall prevalence of HCV infection in the general population in our study is found to be 1.58% and was lower than the prevalence reports from close countries; Algeria (2.5%), Libya (3%) and Egypt (15%-20%) [10-12]. Our estimate was also too much lower compared to what has been reported in the prior decade by Cacoub et al [13] in which the estimated HCV infection rate was 7.7%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

et al. 2013

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BackgroundViral hepatitis is a serious public health problem affecting billions of people globally. Limited information is available on this issue in Morocco. This cross-sectional study was undertaken with the aim of determining the seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among the general population and among blood donors.MethodsBlood samples from volunteers, have been screened with ELISA tests for detecting the hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV. Within the seroreactive patients for HCV in the general population, RT-PCR was performed by the Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas Amplicor.ResultsHCV and HBV-seropositivity was documented in 1.58% and 1.81% out of 41269 and 23578 participants respectively from the general population. Two patients were found to be co-infected. HCV-RNA was detected by PCR in 70.9% of the 195 anti-HCV positive subjects. The anti-HCV prevalence was not different among males and females (P = 0.3). It increased with age; the highest prevalence was observed among subjects with >50 years old (3.12%). Various risk factors for acquiring HCV infection were identified; age, dental treatment, use of glass syringes and surgical history. In addition to these factors, gender and sexual risk behaviors were found to be associated with higher prevalence of hepatitis B. The HBV positivity was significantly higher among males than females participants in all age groups (P < 0.01). The peak was noticed among males aged 30–49 years (2.4%). None of the 152 persons younger than 20 years had HBsAg or anti-HCV. The prevalence of anti-HCV and HBsAg among 169605 blood donors was 0.62% and 0.96% respectively.ConclusionsOur study provided much important information concerning hepatitis B and C prevalence and risk factors; it confirmed the intermediate endemicity for HCV infection and pointed to a decreasing trend of HBV incidence, which might reclassify Morocco in low HBV endemicity area. This could be attributed primarily to the universal HBV vaccination among infants and healthcare workers over the past 13 years. HCV and HBV infections in the present survey were mainly associated with nosocomial exposures. Prevention and control of HBV infection are needed to reduce HBV transmission between adults.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

et al. 2013

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“…In another study, IR in nondiabetic individuals was not independently associated with HCV infection after adjustment for ALT and GGT elevation, whereas ALT and GGT elevation were independent predictors . In a third study, both HCV infection and ALT elevation were independently associated with diabetes . A decreased incidence of diabetes after successful treatment of HCV (sustained virological response; SVR) has also been reported .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Relationship of hepatitis C virus infection with diabetes in the U.S. population

et al. 2014

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An association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with diabetes has been reported in many studies, but few have been population-based and applied standard criteria for diabetes diagnosis. We examined this relationship using recent population-based data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 15,128 adult participants in the 1999–2010 surveys had data on diabetes status and serum HCV antibody (anti-HCV) or HCV RNA. Using American Diabetes Association criteria, diabetes was defined as a health care provider diagnosis, serum hemoglobin A1C (A1C) ≥6.5%, or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL; pre-diabetes as A1C 5.7%–<6.5% or FPG 100–<126 mg/dL; and normal glucose as A1C <5.7% and FPG <100 mg/dL. Odds ratios (OR) for diabetes and pre-diabetes, comparing persons with HCV infection to those without, were adjusted for demographics, BMI, C-reactive protein, smoking, drinking, and blood transfusion before 1992. Among participants without diabetes, we compared mean insulin resistance, estimated using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), by HCV status. The overall prevalence of anti-HCV+ was 1.7%, of HCV RNA+, 1.1%, of diabetes, 10.5%, and of pre-diabetes, 32.8%. The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes did not differ by HCV status. In multivariate-adjusted analysis, diabetes remained unassociated with anti-HCV (OR=1.0, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.6–1.7) or with HCV RNA (OR=1.1, 95% CI, 0.6–1.9). In contrast, elevated alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase activities were associated with diabetes regardless of HCV status. HOMA-IR was not associated with HCV markers in unadjusted or multivariate-adjusted analyses (p>0.05). Conclusion In the U.S. population, HCV was not associated with diabetes, or with insulin resistance among persons with normal glucose. Previously reported relationships of HCV with diabetes were possibly attributable to the effect of elevated liver enzymes.

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“…The probable role could be due to induction of insulin resistance through destruction of insulin signaling pathways associated with overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, in response to HCV infection and direct and/or indirect immune-mediated cytopathic effects of HCV on pancreatic islet cells, which may result in the destruction of β-cells and subsequently reduced insulin production [4, 21-23]. Insulin resistance presents at the early stages of chronic HCV infectioin, even prior to progression to fibrosis and cirrhosis [21, 22]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2018

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Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and Methods: We included 556 consecutive patients with confirmed type 2 DM attending the Diabetic Clinic of the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences and 733 nondiabetic subjects as controls. Serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TCH), and triglycerides (TG) were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods, and the presence of anti-HCV antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Semi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by sequencing was performed on all anti-HCV-seropositive samples. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17, and descriptive statistics, χ² test, Fisher exact test, and the Student t test were used for analysis. Results: The seroprevalence of HCV in the diabetic patients was 1.98% (11/556), which was higher than HCV prevalence among the nondiabetic controls (4/733, 0.54%) (p = 0.032). No significant differences in ALT, AST, FBS, TG, and TCH levels were found between the HCV-seropositive and HCV-seronegative diabetic patients, although HCV-seropositive diabetic patients tended to have higher ALT, AST, and TCH levels, but lower TG and FBS levels than HCV-seronegative patients. In logistic regression analysis, only AST levels were significantly associated with HCV seropositivity among diabetic patients. The AST level of 41–80 IU/L was the only significant predictive variable for HCV seropositivity in the diabetic patients (odds ratio, 4.89; 95% CI: 1.06–22.49; p = 0.041). Of the 11 HCV-seropositive diabetic patients, 10 (91%) had HCV viremia with genotype 3a. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 DM had a higher prevalence of HCV infection than controls, and HCV seropositivity was independent of biochemical parameters.

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Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Algerian patients with hepatitis C virus infection

Abstract: The high prevalence of diabetes in HCV-infected patients, and its occurrence at early stages of hepatic disease, suggest that screening for glucose abnormalities should be indicated in these patients.

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among the general population and blood donors in Morocco

Relationship of hepatitis C virus infection with diabetes in the U.S. population

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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