Prevalence of Trematode Larval Infections in Some Red Sea Snails

doi:10.22587/ajbas.2017.11.16.10

Cited by 2 publications

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References 15 publications

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“…Crepidula fornicata had the highest prevalence of turbellarians during the summer months, followed by autumn. Several studies have found the highest prevalence of turbellarian infections to occur during the summer and autumn months in species such as the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and Red sea snails Nerita spp (Crespo-González et al, 2010;Hassan et al, 2017;Bhaby, 2018). Some suggest that turbellarians leave their hosts when the environmental temperature drops, causing lower intensities during colder mouths (Fleming, 1986;Crespo-González et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunobiology of Crepidula fornicata and its potential to act as a harbourer of infectious disease

Quinn¹

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Invasive alien marine species have garnered a negative reputation outside of their native ranges, often due to them translocating disease from their native areas to their new environment. Much of the currently available resources on the disease status of marine species is focused on species of commercial importance such as the Blue mussel Mytilus edulis, Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas or farmed abalone species e.g., Haliotis spp. The slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata is an invasive alien species, originating from the east coast of the United States. Crepidula fornicata is now found throughout the coastal waters of southern England and Wales, U.K. Crepidula fornicata is often thought of as a pest when found in commercial shellfish areas. However, despite this negative reputation, little is known about its disease status or immunobiology. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to study the immunobiology of C. fornicata and to understand its potential as a harbourer of infectious disease. To address the lack of information available with regards to the immunobiology of C. fornicata in Chapter 2 haemolymph (blood) was isolated and examined for the presence of the immune-enzyme phenoloxidase. The presence of laccase and catecholoxidase activities were confirmed. Importantly, it was shown that products derived from laccase and catecholoxidase activities reduced the numbers of colony- forming units of bacteria in vitro. Tissue was also examined histologically, and the presence of eumelanin-like pigments and lipofuscin was visualised in a number of regions e.g., digestive gland, connective tissues, and gills. A year-long multi-resource disease survey was carried out at two sites in South Wales, Swansea Bay, a native oyster Ostrea edulis restoration site, and Milford Haven, an area of commercial shellfish activity. In Chapters 3 & 4 a combined PCR and histological approach was taken to screen C. fornicata for the presence of diseases potentially harmful to shellfish and/or humans e.g., Vibrios, haplosporidians, microsporidians, and paramyxids. Chapter 3 found that a large proportion of individuals were PCR positive for Vibrio-like bacteria. However, it was found through a histological screen that few disease signatures could be observed, suggesting that C. fornicata are not particularly sensitive to bacteriosis at the sites surveyed. Chapter 4 found no clinical signs of C. fornicata being infected with haplosporidians, microsporidians or paramyxids. Histology revealed the presence of trematodes, turbellarians, and an apicomplexan-like parasite. The data suggested that C. fornicata are not susceptible to major parasitic infections outside of the native range. A Species Distribution Model (SDM) was constructed in Chapter 5 to aim to understand the potential future distribution of C. fornicata under predicted climate change. Areas further north in North America, Europe, and Northeast Asia were identified as areas most at risk for future introductions of C. fornicata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunobiology of Crepidula fornicata and its potential to act as a harbourer of infectious disease

Quinn¹

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Effect of Larval Trematode Infection on the Nutritional Value of Nerita Orbignyana Marine Snails

Turkstani¹,

Hassan²,

Rabah³

2021

Int j pharm phytopharm res

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Snails are rich in high-quality proteins and low fat, but little is known about the nutritional value of edible snails that can meet the world's nutritional needs. Parasitic infection of larval trematodes to these snails affects their nutritional value. Studies in Saudi Arabia on parasitic infections in marine snails are rare. The current study aimed to screen the collected snails for the prevalence of larval trematode infections and biochemical changes in proteins and carbohydrates for one whole year using parasitological methods for 132 marine snails belonging to Nerita orbignyana. Snails were collected randomly and monthly from November 2018 to December 2019 from the Red Sea Obhor bay, Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The number of proteins and carbohydrates in the Digestive Gland Gonad complex (DGG), hemolymph, and Snail Conditioned Water (SCW) of non-infected and infected snails was estimated using an Elisa DSX best 2000. The snails were found infected with two types of cercariae, Trichobelharzia and Ascorhytis charadriformis cercariae. The infection prevalence was highest in the snail length of 19-20 mm with a percentage of 42%. The study showed that there is a significant decrease in the concentration of proteins and carbohydrates in DGG, hemolymph, and SCW in infected snails. The nutritive value of the snails is affected by infection through the decrease of protein and carbohydrates in infected snails. Further qualitative studies are needed.

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Prevalence of Trematode Larval Infections in Some Red Sea Snails

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

The immunobiology of Crepidula fornicata and its potential to act as a harbourer of infectious disease

The immunobiology of Crepidula fornicata and its potential to act as a harbourer of infectious disease

Effect of Larval Trematode Infection on the Nutritional Value of Nerita Orbignyana Marine Snails

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