Prevalence of trachoma in school children of remote Western Australian communities between 1992 and 2003

Kain, Sam; Morgan, William H.; Riley, Delia; Dorizzi, Kevin; Hogarth, Geraldine; Yu, Dao‐Yi

doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.2006.01404.x

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This finding is comparable with 0.2% to 2.2% prevalence in Lao People's Democratic Republic [17]. It was lower than the prevalence of 22.16% in Shandong Province in China [18], 5% prevalence in Brazil and Australian studies [19,20]. This difference might be due to the fact that most of our study subjects were from urban areas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Assefa

Roba

Abdosh

et al. 2017

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Introduction: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. It is more common in areas where people are socio-economically deprived. Although trachoma is endemic in 571 districts in Ethiopia, its prevalence has not been studied among school children in Harari Region. Objective: To assess the prevalence of trachoma eye infection and factors associated with it among Grades 1-8 schoolchildren in Harari Region, from November 30, 2015 to April 29, 2016. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done on 1722 students selected from four primary schools. Data were collected using WHO simplified trachoma grading scheme and analysed by SPSS Version 16. The factors influencing the outcome variable were identified via Logistic Regression, and predictors through Odds Ratio and the corresponding confidence intervals. Results: The overall prevalence of trachoma was 1.3% (22/1722) in which 14 had Trachoma Follicular and 8 had both Trachoma Follicular and Trachoma Intense. Unclean face (AOR 3.4,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Assefa

Roba

Abdosh

et al. 2017

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“…It was encouraging that we found few cases of vision loss due to trachoma given its prevalence in previous studies and that it is still endemic in many remote Australian communities, 2–4,12,16,21–23 We have not seen any new blind eyes due to trachoma since 1997, and saw few vision impaired eyes. This represents a significant improvement since the 1970s NTEHP where nearly 10% of Aboriginals had trachomatous monocular or binocular blindness 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…This represents a significant improvement since the 1970s NTEHP where nearly 10% of Aboriginals had trachomatous monocular or binocular blindness 2 . This is perhaps a reflection of an improvement in living conditions, better community education regarding hygiene and improved access to antibiotics in the region 16 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diabetic retinopathy and the major causes of vision loss in Aboriginals from remote Western Australia

Clark

Morgan

Kain

et al. 2010

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…There have been few comparisons of alternative community treatment strategies, and relatively limited follow up studies of long term trends following implementation of prevention programs. [ 3 , 4 ] Evidence of effective treatment strategies across a range of prevalence settings will become increasingly important as more countries approach the goal of trachoma elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Community Drug Administration Strategy and Changes in Trachoma Prevalence, 2007 to 2013

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAustralia is the only high income country with persisting endemic trachoma. A national control program involving mass drug administration with oral azithromycin, in place since 2006, has some characteristics which differ from programs in low income settings, particularly in regard to the use of a wider range of treatment strategies, and more regular assessments of community prevalence. We aimed to examine the association between treatment strategies and trachoma prevalence.MethodsThrough the national surveillance program, annual data from 2007–2013 were collected on trachoma prevalence and treatment with oral azithromycin in children aged 5–9 years from three Australian regions with endemic trachoma. Communities were classified for each year according to one of four trachoma treatment strategies implemented (no treatment, active cases only, household and community-wide). We estimated the change in trachoma prevalence between sequential pairs of years and across multiple years according to treatment strategy using random-effects meta-analyses.FindingsOver the study period, 182 unique remote Aboriginal communities had 881 annual records of both trachoma prevalence and treatment. From the analysis of pairs of years, the greatest annual fall in trachoma prevalence was in communities implementing community-wide strategies, with yearly absolute reductions ranging from -8% (95%CI -17% to 1%) to -31% (-26% to -37%); these communities also had the highest baseline trachoma prevalence (15.4%-43.9%). Restricting analyses to communities with moderate trachoma prevalence (5–19%) at initial measurement, and comparing community trachoma prevalence from the first to the last year of available data for the community, both community-wide and more targeted treatment strategies were associated with similar absolute reductions (-11% [-8% to -13%] and -7% [-5% to -10%] respectively). Results were similar stratified by region.InterpretationConsistent with previous research, community-wide administration of azithromycin reduces trachoma prevalence. Our observation that less intensive treatment with a ‘household’ strategy in moderate prevalence communities (5-<20%) is associated with similar reductions in prevalence over time, will require confirmation in other settings if it is to be used as a basis for changes in control strategies.

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Prevalence of trachoma in school children of remote Western Australian communities between 1992 and 2003

Abstract: The prevalence of active trachoma in children of these eight remote communities of the Goldfields region of Western Australia was volatile. The prevalence of intense inflammation has dropped to very low levels. A significant reservoir of less severe inflammation remains.

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Diabetic retinopathy and the major causes of vision loss in Aboriginals from remote Western Australia

Relationship between Community Drug Administration Strategy and Changes in Trachoma Prevalence, 2007 to 2013

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