Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated in wild birds of prey and their relation with previously isolated strains from Turkey

Karakavuk, Muhammet; Aldemir, Duygu; Mercier, Aurélien; Şahar, Esra Atalay; Can, Hüseyin; Murat, Jean-Benjamin; Döndüren, Ömer; Can, Şengül; Özdemir, Hüseyin Gökhan; Döşkaya, Aysu Değirmenci; Pektaş, Bayram; Dardé, Marie‐Laure; Gürüz, Adnan Yüksel; Döşkaya, Mert

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196159

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In Slovakia, a total of 10 birds from wildlife were examined and the prevalence of T. gondii DNA was 40% (types II and III strains were detected) [27]. However, the highest T. gondii infection rate (up to 92%) was found in raptors in Turkey [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in selected species of free-living animals in Poland

Sroka

Karamon

Wójcik-Fatla

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Free-living animals can play an important role as a reservoir of Toxoplasma gondi;, however, data concerning this issue in Poland are still limited.The aim of study was to assess the occurrence of T. gondii infection by using molecular methods in free-living animals in selected regions of Poland. Materials and method. Tissues samples of 396 animals (foxes, muskrats, birds, martens, badgers, polecats, raccoons, minks, raccoon dogs, otters, small rodents and insectivores, and grass snakes were collected from various regions of Poland. After samples digestion, DNA was isolated using QIAmp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen). DNA extraction from small rodents and insectivores samples was performed without digestion. Next, nested PCR (B1 gene) and, for a part of nested PCR positive amplicons, RFLP PCR, were performed according to the method by Grigg and Boothroyd (2001). The other part of nested PCR positive DNA isolates were genotyped using 5 genetic markers: SAG1, SAG2 (5'-and 3'), SAG3, BTUB and GRA6, based on the method by Dubey et al. (2006). These PCR products were sequenced and compared with the NCBI database using Blast. Results. In total, in 50 of the 396 examined animals DNA of T. gondii was detected (12.6%). The highest percentages of positive results in PCR was obtained in martens (40.9%) and badgers (38.5%), lower in birds (27.3%) and the lowest in foxes (7.4%). The RFLP and multilocus PCR analysis showed the dominance of T. gondii clonal type II (or II/III). Conclusions. The results of this study indicate the frequent T. gondii infection among free-living animals in Poland, especially martens and badgers, which may indirectly indicate that these animals contribute to the spread of the parasite in the sylvatic environment in Poland. The genotyping analysis showed the dominance of T. gondii clonal type II (or II/III).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in Slovakia, Italy and Switzerland, type III and type I have also been detected [6][7][8][9][10]. Genotyping of isolated strains can improve knowledge about the circulation of the parasite, both on the global and a local geographical scale [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in selected species of free-living animals in Poland

Sroka

Karamon

Wójcik-Fatla

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…After this incubation, routine DNA isolation method was applied (15). was performed as follows: 10 min initial denaturation step at 95ºC, followed by 45 cycles of 10 seconds at 95ºC, 15 seconds at 55ºC, and 15 seconds at 72ºC and10 seconds at 40 ºC for cooling (16).…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak Caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in a Dairy Farm

Karakavuk¹,

Can²,

Döşkaya³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Diarrhea caused by parasitic agents is common in neonatal calves and causes significant economic losses in cattle farms worldwide. Cryptosporidium spp. is one of the most frequently detected parasitic agents causing diarrhea in neonatal calves. Also, Giardia intestinalis is shown to cause diarrhea in calves. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves (n:36), cows (n: 11), drinking water and two different artesian water supplies as well as in environmental swap samples (n:32) obtained from the manger, silage, bottle, and doorknob in a dairy farm which has big diarrhea problems. For this purpose, all fecal samples investigated with using direct microscopy for routine parasitological screening. Then, the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was examined in feces samples and other environmental samples using Kinyoun acid-fast stained slides and Real-Time PCR targeting Cryptosporidium spp.. In addition, Real-Time PCR positive samples were investigated by nested PCR and subsequently by sequencing, BLAST, and phylogenetic analysis for species identification by MEGA7. Results Giardia intestinalis was detected in 10 feces samples (21,27%; 10/47) during routine microscopic examination. Among them, 9 belonged to calves older than two months without diarrhea, and one belonged to an adult cow. Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 11 calves (30.55%; 11/36) by Real-Time PCR, whereas no cows were found positive. Among the PCR positive samples, only five of them were detected as positive by microscopy. Cryptosporidium spp. positivity value was found higher in younger than two month old calves with diarrhea (9/12; 75%). Also, Cryptosporidium spp. was found in one of two water supplies and five of environmental samples by real-time PCR. Of the 18 real time positive samples, 8 were found positive by nested PCR and all positive samples were detected to be Cryptosporidium parvum by sequencing, BLAST, and phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions Our findings showed the importance of C. parvum infection in diarrhea cases occurred in calves. Besides the correct diagnosis and treatment of Cryptosporidium spp. contaminated water resources, and hygiene measures are very important for preventing the cryptosporidiosis in dairy farms.

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“…Bu durumun sebepleri arasında öncelikle parazit suşları arasındaki virulens farklılığının olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Türkiye'de T. gondii'nin genotiplendirilmesine ilişkin insan, kedi ve yabani kuşlardan bildirimler (9,11,21) mevcut olmakla birlikte koyunlarda T. gondii'nin genotiplendirilmesine ilişkin henüz rapor bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada doğal enfekte koyunlardan elde edilen T. gondii izolatlarının multipleks multilokus nested PCR RFLP yöntemi kullanılarak genotiplendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.…”

Section: Toxoplasma Gondii Izolatlarının Tiplendirilmesinde Polimerazunclassified

Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates originated from sheep by multilocus PCR-RFLP

Gençay¹,

Gökpınar²,

Babür³

et al. 2019

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Bu çalışmada doğal enfekte koyunlardan elde edilen Toxoplasma gondii izolatlarının (n:10) genotiplendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla T. gondii izolatlarının dokuz lokusu (SAG1, SAG2, c22-8, L358, 5'-SAG2, 3'-SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and PK1) multipleks multilokus nested PCR-RFLP yöntemi ile amplifiye edilmiştir. Bunun sonucunda koyun orijinli T. gondii izolatlarının bir dizi lokusta birden çok allel barındırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Koyun izolatları (n: 8) iki lokusta (alt.SAG2 ve SAG3) tip II ve III, bir lokusta (c22-8) klonal tip II, bir lokusta (5'-SAG2) tip I ve III, bir lokusta (L358) I ve II ve bir lokusta (3'-SAG2) ise tip I/III alleli göstermiştir. Bir koyun izolatı; iki lokusta (alt.SAG2 ve L358) tip I, bir lokusta (c22-8) tip II, bir lokusta (BTUB) tip I ve II, bir lokusta (3'-SAG2) ise I/III alleli göstermiştir. Sonuncu koyun izolatı ise üç lokusta (SAG1, alt.SAG2 ve SAG3) tip III, iki lokusta (c22-8 ve L358) tip II, bir lokusta (3'-SAG2) I/III, bir lokusta (BTUB) ise tip I ve II allelleri göstermiştir. Bu çalışma Türkiye'de koyunlarda T. gondii'nin genotiplendirilmesine ilişkin ilk rapordur. Genotiplendirmeye yönelik olarak parazite arakonaklık yapan farklı hayvanlardan ve çeşitli bölgelerden elde edilen izolatlar üzerinde çalışılması Türkiye'de T. gondii'nin bulaşma yolları ve tipleri hakkında önemli bilgiler elde etmeye katkı sağlayacaktır. Anahtar sözcükler: Genotiplendirme, koyun, multilokus nested PCR RFLP, Toxoplasma gondii, Türkiye Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates originated from sheep by multilocus PCR-RFLP

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Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated in wild birds of prey and their relation with previously isolated strains from Turkey

Cited by 34 publications

References 55 publications

<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in selected species of free-living animals in Poland

<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in selected species of free-living animals in Poland

Investigation of a Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak Caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in a Dairy Farm

Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates originated from sheep by multilocus PCR-RFLP

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