Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among animals in Algeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Comparison of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with the Modified Agglutination Test (MAT) for the Detection of Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in a Cohort of Hunting Dogs

“…The results showed that the seroprevalence of T. gondii in hunting dogs was 37.4% (CI 95%: 34.3–40.4) with MAT and 36.2% (CI 95%: 33.2–39.3) with ELISA, giving a mean value of 36.8% (CI 95%: 34.9–38.7). The only previous study on T. gondii seroprevalence in 105 dogs from Algeria, using the complement-fixation technique, had identified a value of 30.5% [ 20 , 21 ]. T. gondii seroprevalence in this hunting dog cohort is close to this former value from 1955, but comparison of these values is hard to assess because sensitivity and specificity of the techniques are different, as well as the study population.…”

Prevalence and Fundamental Research of Prevention and Treatment of Toxoplasmosis

“…Feline toxoplasmosis has a wide geographic distribution, with a global infection rate ranging from 30 to 40% (Dubey 2010), and infection rates in feral cats are often higher than those in domestic cats. The infection rates in some parts of Africa and Europe are higher than the world average infection level, such as a 97.4% positive serological test for T. gondii in wild cats in Egypt (Dubey 2010), 62.3% in Albanian cats (Spada et al 2012), 70.9% in Algeria cats (Ouchetati et al 2021), 40.3%-76% in Turkish cats (Dubey 2010;Can et al 2014), 48.4% in Finnish cats (Jokelainen et al 2012), 42.4% in Switzerland (Schreiber et al 2021, 51.6% in Latvia (Deksne et al 2013), 58.95% in France (Afonso et al 2013), 60.8% in Estonia (Must et al 2015), 32.3% in Cyprus (Attipa et al 2021) and 24.2 to 60% in Spain (Montoya et al 2018;Candela et al 2022). The prevalence rates of T. gondii infection in cats in most of Asia are generally lower than the world average, such as 19.6% in Kuwait (Abdou et al 2013), 30.4% in Iraq (Switzer et al 2013), 24.5% in China (Ding et al 2017;Li et al 2022), 2.2 to 47.2% in Korea (Hong et al 2013;Jung et al 2017), 4.8 to 11% in Bangkok (Jittapalapong et al 2010Sukhumavasi et al 2012), 40% in Iran (Sharif et al 2009), 14.5% in Malaysia (Wana et al 2020), 9 to 26.7% in Japan (Matsuu et al 2017;Kyan et al 2021) and18.7% in Thailand (Huertas-López et al 2021).…”

Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review

“…Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic apicomplexan that can infect all warm-blooded animals (1,2). This parasite has a cosmopolitan distribution (3) and about one-third of the world's population have antibodies to this intracellular protozoan (4).…”

“…The definitive hosts, including domestic cats and other felids, contaminate the environment by shedding the unsporulated oocysts through feces (1,5). Humans and many animals, as the intermediate hosts, could be infected by eating food contaminated with oocysts shed by cats or by consumption of tissue cysts of the parasite after eating raw or undercooked meat (2). Toxoplasma infection in immunocompetent humans is generally asymptomatic (5), but in immunocompromised individuals may cause more intense consequences such as chorioretinitis, encephalitis, and congenital birth defects (6).…”

“…Toxoplasma infection in immunocompetent humans is generally asymptomatic (5), but in immunocompromised individuals may cause more intense consequences such as chorioretinitis, encephalitis, and congenital birth defects (6). In a pregnant woman who was first infected by the parasite, T. gondii reaches the fetus via the placenta (2). Treatment of toxoplasmosis requires appropriate diagnostic tools and specimens.…”