Prevalence of tobacco smoking in Armenia, STEPs survey

Andreasyan, Diana; Bazarchyan, Al.; Torosyan, Arevik; Sargsyan, Sh.

doi:10.18332/tid/94872

Cited by 20 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…In Armenia, a middle-income country in the South Caucasus, NCDs account for 93% of deaths in the country, including cardiovascular diseases (55.2%), cancers (20.2. percent), and diabetes mellitus (1.5%) [10]. In this small country with a population of 2.9 million, premature mortality rates from diabetes mellitus (560.4 per 100,000 population) are higher than the average in countries with similar sociodemographic indicators (222.2 per 100,000 population), including Azerbaijan (465.6 per 100,000 population) and Georgia (429.9 per 100,000 population) within the South Caucasus region [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invitations and incentives: a qualitative study of behavioral nudges for primary care screenings in Armenia

Gong

Chukwuma

Ghazaryan

et al. 2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Non-communicable diseases account for a growing proportion of deaths in Armenia, which require early detection to achieve disease control and prevent complications. To increase rates of screening, demand-side interventions of personalized invitations, descriptive social norms, labeled cash transfers, and conditional cash transfers were tested in a field experiment. Our complementary qualitative study explores factors leading to the decision to attend screening and following through with that decision, and experiences with different intervention components. Methods Informed by the Health Belief Model as our conceptual framework, we collected eighty in-depth interviews with service users and twenty service providers and analyzed them using open coding and thematic analysis. Results An individual’s decision to screen depends on 1) the perceived need for screening based on how they value their own health and perceive hypertension and diabetes as a harmful but manageable condition, and 2) the perceived utility of a facility-based screening, and whether screening will provide useful information on disease status or care management and is socially acceptable. Following through with the decision to screen depends on their knowledge of and ability to attend screenings, as well as any external motivators such as an invitation or financial incentive. Conclusions Personalized invitations from physicians can prompt individuals to reconsider their need for screening and can, along with financial incentives, motivate individuals to follow through with the decision to screen. The effect of descriptive social norms in invitations should be further studied. Efforts to increase preventive screenings as an entry point into primary care in Armenia may benefit from implementation of tailored messages and financial incentives. Trial registration The protocol was approved on January 11, 2019 by the Institutional Review Board of the Center of Medical Genetics and Primary Health Care in Armenia (02570094). https://www.socialscienceregistry.org/trials/3776.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, Armenians average 4 annual outpatient visits per person, below the European average of 7.1 visits [15]. Primary care use may be deterred by the perception that primary care is of poor quality and lacks regulation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invitations and incentives: a qualitative study of behavioral nudges for primary care screenings in Armenia

Gong

Chukwuma

Ghazaryan

et al. 2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…The prevalence was 28.8% (2961 observed), and control rate was 8.6% in age group 35–49 years old. The latest data related to hypertension is available in the Health system performance assessment 2016 report, where hypertension prevalence in >15 years old population was 28.6% 1 . The control rate is high in comparison to data of studies from 2004 to 2005, 29.7% 1 , 7 , 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NCD-related premature mortality rate was 29%, with almost 25% of deaths occurring in the 35–65 age group. Eight out of ten major causes of the increase in the lost disability-adjusted life years in Armenia are NCDs, four of which belong to the CVD group 1 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results in Armenia—Europe

Zelveian¹,

Avagyan²,

Minasyan³

et al. 2019

European Heart Journal Supplements

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Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. The study was conducted in public areas (14 sites in Yerevan and 18 in regions), both indoor and outdoor, as well as in 42 primary care centres. A total of 9199 individuals were screened during MMM17 of which 9186 had three BP measurements available. The mean age of screened individuals was 50 ± 16.7 years, 57.3% was female. At the time of screening 17.9% were on antihypertensive medication. After imputation, a percentage of participants with hypertension was 33.9%, and 52.9% of them were on treatment. Of those treated, 77.0% had uncontrolled BP. MMM17 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Armenia. We found that in Armenia, untreated hypertension is common, as is not adequately treated hypertension.

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“…Premature (under 65) mortality represents 26.6% of total mortality and mirrors the overall NCD mortality structure, which negatively impacts the country’s socio-economic development. 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of blood pressure screening of 21 112 participants in Armenia: May Measurement Month 2018

Zelveian¹,

Avagyan²,

Minasyan³

et al. 2020

European Heart Journal Supplements

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Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide and is the leading cause of mortality and disability-adjusted life years all over the world. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed to raise awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May to July 2018. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension (HTN) and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. The study was conducted in public areas (17 sites in Yerevan and 22 in regions), both indoor and outdoor, as well as in 78 primary care centres. A total of 21 112 individuals were screened during MMM18, of which 20 732 had three BP measurements available. The mean age of screened individuals was 46.2 ± 17.3 years, 57.8% were female. At the time of screening, 26.1% were on antihypertensive medication. After imputation, the percentage of participants with HTN was 38.7%, and 76.7% of them were aware of their high BP. Of participants receiving treatment, 47.1% had a controlled BP. MMM18 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Armenia. We found that the proportion of HTN is substantial in Armenia, which may be a vital contributor to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases. Our results also suggest that untreated HTN is common and when treated still not adequately controlled in Armenia. The current situation, with an insufficient control rate of HTN, must be changed as soon as possible.

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Prevalence of tobacco smoking in Armenia, STEPs survey

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Invitations and incentives: a qualitative study of behavioral nudges for primary care screenings in Armenia

Invitations and incentives: a qualitative study of behavioral nudges for primary care screenings in Armenia

May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results in Armenia—Europe

An analysis of blood pressure screening of 21 112 participants in Armenia: May Measurement Month 2018

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