Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Italian adults according to ATP III definition

Miccoli, Roberto; Bianchi, Cristina; Odoguardi, L; Penno, Giuseppe; Caricato, F.; Giovannitti, M. G.; Pucci, Laura; Prato, Stefano Del

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2004.09.002

Cited by 167 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We also found that age was an important factor in determining higher prevalence of MetS for both men and women, but the effect of age on MetS risk was more important in women. Similar results have been reported in many studies in other populations (16,28) . With regard to the area of residence, urban area was independently associated with increased risk of MetS in both men and women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Belfki¹,

Ali²,

Aounallah-Skhiri³

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to evaluate the relationship between this diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factors, demographic and socio-economic variables. Design: A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and CVD risk factors. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III. Setting: The whole Tunisian territory; Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project. Subjects: A total of 4654 individuals (1840 men and 2814 women), aged 35 to 74 years, who participated in the Tunisian national survey. Results: The overall prevalence of MetS was 30?0 %, higher in women (36?1 %) than in men (20?6 %; P , 0?001). In both genders MetS prevalence increased significantly with age (P , 0?001), but this increase was more important in women. Multiple regression analyses showed that the odds for MetS increased significantly with urban area for both men and women (P , 0?05 and P , 0?001, respectively). The multivariate models showed also that the odds for MetS increased significantly with increasing level of education and in those with a family history of CVD for men (both P , 0?05) and after the menopausal transition for women (P , 0?05). Conclusions: The study highlights the MetS problem in a middle-income developing country. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive, integrated, population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of MetS in Tunisians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Belfki¹,

Ali²,

Aounallah-Skhiri³

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The growing prevalence of diabetes in our study population and especially in the Southern population is likely due to the increased prevalence of obesity (23,26) . In addition, consistent with previous studies (8,17,27) , men showed a higher prevalence of diabetes and hyperglycaemia than women, while women showed a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia than men (28) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We believe that excessive total energy intake and a low degree of physical activity may account for the high prevalence of obesity in the Southern population (17,22,23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evidence on the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in Italy

Laccetti¹,

Pota

Stranges

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in a large community-wide sample of the Italian population. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Standardized methods were used to collect and measure cardiovascular risk factors. Data were adjusted for survey weightings. Qualitative and quantitative variables were compared with parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate. Setting: Towns (n 193) across different Italian regions. Subjects: Unselected adults (n 24 213; 12 626 men; 11 587 women) aged 18-98 years (mean age 56?9 (SD 15?3) years), who volunteered to participate in a community-wide screening programme over a 2 d period in 2007. Results: Overall, the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors was: obesity, 22?7 % (women 18?9 %, men 26?1 %); overweight, 44?7 % (women 31?6 %, men 56?7 %); hypertension, 59?6 % (women 48?3 %, men 70?0 %); dyslipidaemia, 59?1 % (women 57?7 %, men 60?3 %); diabetes, 15?3 % (women 11?2 %, men 19?0 %) and smoking, 19?8 % (women 14?0 %, men 25?2 %). We found a high prevalence of unhealthy eating habits; fruit and vegetable consumption was below the recommended range in 60 % of the study population. Ninety per cent of the study population had more than one cardiovascular risk factor and 84 % had between two and five cardiovascular risk factors. There were differences among Italian macro-areas mainly for obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. Conclusions: The study provides alarming evidence on current prevalence data for major cardiovascular risk factors in a large sample of the Italian population. Particularly, obesity and hypertension represent a relevant public health problem. There is a pressing need for effective preventive health measures which must also take into account the differences among Italian macro-areas.

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“…18 In a report comparing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome using four criteria in four Asia-Pacific populations, age-adjusted prevalences for the four definitions ranged from 16% to 42% in Australia, 3% to 11% in Japan, 7% to 29% in Korea, and 17% to 60% in Samoa. 19 The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the United States 20 is higher than that reported in European populations 1,21,22 and in our study population. Among U.S. men, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria is lower (23.7%) than that for IDF criteria (39.9 %).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Prevalence and Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome According to Three Definitions in Middle-Aged Chinese Men

Villegas

Xiang

Yang

et al. 2009

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has varied markedly between different studies because of the lack of internationally agreed-upon criteria to define the condition. We estimated the prevalence and lifestyle risk factors of metabolic syndrome according to three definitions of metabolic syndrome in urban Chinese men participating in the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3988 middle-aged, urban Chinese men 40-74 years of age who were free of type 2 diabetes at baseline provided fasting blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and information on lifestyle factors and disease history. Results: The three definitions of metabolic syndrome used in this report are from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the U.S. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III), and a modified version of the ATP III criteria for Asian populations (ATP III-modified criteria). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 18.63%, 18.36%, and 29.34% according to IDF, ATP III, and ATP III-modified criteria, respectively. Agreement between the IDF and ATP III criteria was moderate ( ϭ 0.43), whereas agreement between ATP III-modified and the IDF and ATP III criteria was good ( ϭ 0.71 and 0.70, respectively). Physical activity was associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, whereas drinking more than three drinks per day was associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, regardless of the criteria employed. The association between smoking and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this population failed to reach significance. Conclusions: Results from this representative sample of middle-aged, urban Chinese men show that metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in this population. Our data support the hypothesis that physical activity decreases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and that high alcohol consumption increases risk.

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Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Italian adults according to ATP III definition

Cited by 167 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults: results of the Transition and Health Impact in North Africa (TAHINA) project

Evidence on the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in Italy

Prevalence and Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome According to Three Definitions in Middle-Aged Chinese Men

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