Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Central and South American Immigrant Residents of the Washington, DC, Area

Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its risk components and then compare differences in the risk components among low-income, uninsured Central and South American recent immigrants to the USA. This cross-sectional survey sampled 1,042 adult patients from a medical clinic in metropolitan Washington, DC. The overall prevalence of the MetS was 26.9% estimated using the modified harmonized definition. The most common abnormal metabolic indicator for women was an elevated BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (36.1%), while, for men, it was an elevated triglyceride level (46.5%). The risk of abnormal MetS indicators increased steadily with increasing BMI. The abnormal indicator combination identifying the most subjects with the MetS included the following: high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and obesity. MetS rates were highest among subjects from El Salvador and Honduras, 31.3% and 28.0%, respectively, and lowest among subjects from Bolivia (21.7%). Dyslipidemia and high BMI increased the likelihood of having the MetS, which is consistent with studies on Mexican Americans in the San Antonio Heart Study and studies within Central and South American countries. This study adds new baseline epidemiological data for largely understudied, low-income, and mostly recent immigrant groups.

Association between SNPs of Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels, Hypercholesterolemia and Metabolic Syndrome

“…Population based studies have demonstrated differences in prevalence by gender and ethnicity for hypercholesterolemia and MetS [17,18]. A recent survey conducted by National Center for Health Statistics reported that during 2015–2016, 12.4% of adults had high Tchol and 18.4% had low HDL-C [17].…”

“…On the other hand, the prevalence of MetS among Lebanese adults aged 18–65 years old was shown to be ~31% with men presenting with a higher rate than women [19]. Going in the same direction, findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reported that the prevalence of MetS among the US adult population was 34.0% [18]. While the prevalence of MetS was comparable between the two genders (men (35%) and women (33%)) in the US, it was higher among men in Lebanon.…”

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN CUKA APEL (Malus sylvestris Mill) VARIETAS MANALAGI TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DARAH TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK DAN DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN

“…Sindroma metabolik merupakan kumpulan kelainan metabolik yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan resiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular dan diabetes tipe 2 (IDF, 2006;Gill et al, 2017). Hingga saat ini, kriteria sindroma metabolik masih beragam mulai dari International Diabetes Federation (IDF), WHO, The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Planner III (NCEP ATP III) dan lainnya.…”

Comorbidity of metabolic syndrome components in a population-based screening program: A latent class analysis

“…Results of previous studies have shown high prevalence of MS in both Western and Asian countries (7)(8)(9)(10). For example, the prevalence of MS was reported to be 32.3%, 33%, and 28.3% in England, India, and Saudi Arabia, respectively (9)(10)(11).…”