Prevalence of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from human faecal samples collected in 2012 in rural villages in Shandong Province, China

Bi, Zhenwang; Berglund, Björn; Sun, Qiang; Nilsson, Måns; Chen, Baoli; Tärnberg, Maria; Ding, Lilu; Lundborg, Cecilia Stålsby; Bi, Zhenqiang; Tomson, Göran; Yao, Jiayi; Gu, Zheng; Yin, Xiao; Kou, Zengqiang; Nilsson, Lennart

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.12.018

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As fecal specimens normally contain numerous strains of Enterobacteriaceae per sample, the chance of isolating mcr-1- harboring strains might be increased. Compared with human fecal carriage data of other regions, the mcr-1 positive rate estimated in this study was lower than that of mainland China (4.9 - 6.2%) [ 21 , 22 ] and higher than that of several European countries (Switzerland, 0% [ 23 ]; Western France, 0% [ 24 ]; The Netherlands, 0.35% [ 25 ]). This is not surprising considering high prevalence of mcr-1- harboring Enterobacteriaceae among livestock animals in mainland China [ 26 ], which is a major supplier of food animals in Hong Kong.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 67%

Prospective study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in a regional hospital in Hong Kong

Chan

et al. 2018

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHuman fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mobilized colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) remains obscure in Hong Kong. As part of routine surveillance on emerging antibiotic resistance, we conducted a prospective study on this topic in a regional hospital in Hong Kong.MethodsFrom October 31 to November 25, 2016, all fecal specimens submitted for routine analysis were included in this surveillance study. These comprised 672 consecutive routine fecal specimens collected from 616 individuals. Fecal specimens were screened for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by culture-based method, and the presence of mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in resistant isolates was identified by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of mcr-1-possessing Escherichia coli strains was facilitated using Illumina® MiSeq® followed by sequence analysis with appropriate bioinformatics tools.ResultsFourteen mcr-1-positive E. coli strains were isolated from 14 separate individuals (2.08% of total fecal specimens), with 9 of them being asymptomatic, healthy clients coming for health assessment. No mcr-2-possessing Enterobacteriaceae was identified. Colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations of these mcr-1-positive isolates ranged from 2 to 4 μg/mL. All these isolates were susceptible to carbapenems with 2 being extended spectrum β-lactamase producers. WGS data revealed that these isolates belonged to at least 12 different sequence types (STs) and possessed diversified plasmid replicons, virulence and acquired antibiotic resistance genes. Further study on an E. coli ST201 strain (Pasteur scheme) revealed coexistence of 47,818-bp IncP-1 and 33,309-bp IncX4 types of mcr-1 plasmids, which was a combination of stability and high transmissibility.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in Hong Kong. Our data further revealed asymptomatic carriage of mcr-1-possessing Enterobacteriaceae by both patients and healthy individuals. This is alarming considering wide diversity and high transmissibility of mcr-1 plasmids, which potentially facilitate emergence of pan-drug-resistant bacteria in future infection. This also highlights the importance of surveillance on emerging antibiotic resistance, especially for patients under intensive care.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 67%

Prospective study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in a regional hospital in Hong Kong

Chan

et al. 2018

BMC Infect Dis

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“…[58]. mcr-3 seems to be second only to mcr-1; it has been identified in Asia [97], Europe [94], and North America [98].…”

Section: Plasmid-mediated Resistance To Polymyxinsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Colistin and its role in the Era of antibiotic resistance: an extended review (2000–2019)

Ahmed

Zhong

Cong

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

395

383

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Increasing antibiotic resistance in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) presents significant health problems worldwide, since the vital available and effective antibiotics, including; broad-spectrum penicillins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams, such as; carbapenems, monobactam, and cephalosporins; often fail to fight MDR Gram-negative pathogens as well as the absence of new antibiotics that can defeat these "superbugs". All of these has prompted the reconsideration of old drugs such as polymyxins that were reckoned too toxic for clinical use. Only two polymyxins, polymyxin E (colistin) and polymyxin B, are currently commercially available. Colistin has re-emerged as a last-hope treatment in the mid-1990s against MDR Gram-negative pathogens due to the development of extensively drug-resistant GNB. Unfortunately, rapid global resistance towards colistin has emerged following its resurgence. Different mechanisms of colistin resistance have been characterized, including intrinsic, mutational, and transferable mechanisms. In this review, we intend to discuss the progress over the last two decades in understanding the alternative colistin mechanisms of action and different strategies used by bacteria to develop resistance against colistin, besides providing an update about what is previously recognized and what is novel concerning colistin resistance.

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“…; Bi et al . ). While this is due not only to an increase in the level and type of resistance that exists (Zhu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The potential for a future in which bacterial infections become untreatable is undeniable, with a number of bacterial infections failing to respond to drugs of last resort or antibiotic combination therapy (Fifer et al 2016;Bi et al 2017). While this is due not only to an increase in the level and type of resistance that exists (Zhu et al 2013;Oz et al 2014), the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in both human and veterinary applications cannot be understated (Berendonk et al 2015;Meek et al 2015;Fleming-Dutra et al 2016) and has shifted focus towards new strategies for combatting multi-resistant infections, including reducing antibiotic consumption (Sabuncu et al 2009) and the development of new therapies (Brown and Wright 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitroactivity of a combination of bacteriophages and antimicrobial plant extracts

Pimchan

Cooper

Eumkeb

et al. 2018

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Significance and Impact of Study: This preliminary study provides insights into the potential combination of bacteriophages and antimicrobial plant bulk extracts to target bacterial pathogens. It is to our knowledge the first time in which virulent bacteriophages have been combined with antimicrobial plant extracts. AbstractThe continuing threat of antimicrobial resistance presents a considerable challenge to researchers to develop novel strategies ensuring that bacterial infections remain treatable. Many plant extracts have been shown to have antibacterial properties and could potentially be combined with other antibacterial agents to create more effective formulations. In this study, the antibacterial activity of three plant extracts and virulent bacteriophages have been assessed as individual components and in combination. When assessed with a modified suspension test, these plant extracts also exhibit antiviral activity at bacterial inhibitory concentrations. Hence, to investigate any potential additive effects between the extracts and virulent phages, the extracts were tested at subantiviral concentrations. Phages alone and in combination with plant extracts significantly reduced (P < 0Á05) the bacterial concentration compared to untreated and extract treated controls up to 6 h (2-3log 10 ), but this reduction did not extend to 24 h. In most cases, the phage and extract combinations did not significantly reduce bacterial content compared to phages alone. Additionally, there was little impact on the ability of the phages to reproduce within their bacterial hosts. To our knowledge, this study represents the first of its kind, in which antimicrobial plant extracts have been combined with virulent phages and has highlighted the necessity for plant extracts to be functionally characterized prior to the design of combinatorial therapies.

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Prevalence of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from human faecal samples collected in 2012 in rural villages in Shandong Province, China

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Prospective study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in a regional hospital in Hong Kong

Prospective study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in a regional hospital in Hong Kong

Colistin and its role in the Era of antibiotic resistance: an extended review (2000–2019)

In vitroactivity of a combination of bacteriophages and antimicrobial plant extracts

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