Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Young Nigerian Adults

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD in young Nigerian adults and to establish a baseline for comparison with other studies. It consisted of a cross-sectional study at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria in 1997. The subjects consisted of 308 medical and dental students (207 males and 101 females) randomly selected from a Nigerian University. Their ages ranged from 17 to 32 years with a mean age of 23 +/- 3.0 years. They were assessed according to the criteria of Helkimo (1974). Whilst 26.3 per cent of the subjects reported mild symptoms (Ai I) of TMD, only 2.9 per cent reported severe symptoms (Ai II). Similarly, 46 per cent showed mild dysfunction signs (Di I), whilst 16.5 and 0.3 per cent exhibited moderate (Di II) and severe (Di III) signs of TMD, respectively. No significant relationships were found between sex, anamnestic index, and the clinical dysfunction index scores. However, there were low but significant correlations between ananmestic index scores (Ai) and the recorded signs (Di), as well as the clinical dysfunction scores (CDS). There is some evidence to show that signs and symptoms of TMD occur amongst Nigerians, although restricted lateral and protrusive mandibular movements contributed significantly to clinical dysfunction scores. This report contrasts with what is found in western societies regarding the low prevalence of TMJ pain. Refereed Scientific Paper

Di� Hekimli�i Fak�ltesi ��rencilerinde Temporomandibular Eklem Rahats�zl�klar�n�n ve A��z Sa�l��� Al��kanl�klar�n�n De�erlendirilmesi

“…Cinsiyetlere göre TMD görülme oranları karşılaştırıldığında ise kız öğrencilerde (%58,13) herhangi bir düzeyde TMD görülme oranının erkek öğrencilere (%21,51) göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bazı çalışmalarda kızlarda TMD prevalansının daha yüksek olmasının; genetik yapı, mental stres, fizyolojik farklılıklardan kaynaklanabileceği bildirilmiştir (1,17,18 Literatürde, parafonksiyonel alışkanlıkların, gece ve gün-düz diş sıkma ve gıcırdatmanın ağrılı TME rahatsızlıkları ile ilişkili olduğu bildirilmiştir (19). Gece ve gündüz diş sıkma ile parafonksiyonel alışkanlıkların temel sebebinin mental stres olduğu bildirilmiştir (20,21).…”

Evaluation of Helkimo anamnestic and dysfunction index in identical twins

“…Also, compared to healthy subjects, subjects with CMD show extremely high prevalence of various orofacial manifestations, such as xerostomia, glosodinia, dysphagia and dysgeusia 23 . Further, the results of numerous epidemiological studies have shown a significant presence of occlusal disharmony in patients with evident signs and symptoms of CMD's [24][25][26] . According to Olson (1998), etiological connection between occlusal factors and CMD must be seen in the ligh Diskusije o ovim pitanjima su i dalje aktuelne u stručnoj literaturi.…”

Orofacial features of subjects aged 18-30 years in the northern part of Kosovo and Metohija territory

“…[6,7] Istraživanja sprovedena u drugim regionima sveta ukazuju na nešto manju učestalost TMP. [8,9] Epidemiološka studija na 284 pitomaca vojne akademije u Srbiji utvrdila je da učestalost TMP iznosi 70%. Najučestaliji znaci i simptomi bili su: poremećena pokretljivost donje vilice (78,5%), zvučni signali u viličnim zglobovima (20,7%), palpatorna osetljivost viličnih zglobova (2,11%) i palpatorna osetljivost mastikatornih mišića (7,4%).…”

“…[8,14] Otuyemi i sar.su istraživa-njem na Nigerijskoj populaciji utvrdili da 46% ispitanika sa TMP ima blage simptome, da 16,5% ima izražene simptome, a da samo 0,3% ispitanika ima najizraženije simptome. [9] Magnusson i sar. su utvrdili da su progresivan bol i izraziti TMP retki nalazi, kao i da se simptomiporemećaja menjaju tokom života.…”