Prevalence of Shigella Related Diarrhea in Ambo Town and Antibiotic Susceptibility of the Isolated Strains

Abstract

Shigellosis is a major dysenteric disease of developing countries where there are poor personal hygiene, waste disposal and water and food quality. Children are the most affected by the disease because of lower immunity. The prevalence of Shigella , the causative agent for Shigellosis, and susceptibility patterns against the commonly used antibiotics were the prior objectives. Seven out of the total 24 diarrheal stool samples(29%) collected during the study period (March to May 2011), were confirmed for Shigella sp following standard biochemical testes. About 43% isolates were obtained from children under 15years. The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates against Ampicillin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Chloramphenicole, Gentamicin and Tetracycline were 100%, 85.7%, 71.5%, 71.5% and 71.5% respectively. The antimicrobials Nalidixic acid, Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin were not resisted by any of the strains and their susceptibility patterns were 100%, 100% and 85.7% in their listed order. Multidrug resistance against two to five antimicrobials was also recorded. As to the recommendations for combating the disease, keeping personal hygiene, eradicating flies, using safe waste disposal method and appropriate usage of antibiotics were suggested.

Burden, Antibiotic Resistance, and Clonality of Shigella spp. Implicated in Community-Acquired Acute Diarrhoea in Lilongwe, Malawi

“…The emergence of antibiotic resistance in Shigella infections complicates the therapeutic management of shigellosis [ 45 ]. Shigella isolates from Lilongwe, as in other developing countries [ 46 ], showed high rates of resistance to commonly prescribed drugs, with all isolates being fully resistant to ampicillin (100%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (100%). Similarly, Shigella isolates from Ethiopia [ 47 ], and Nigeria also displayed 100% resistance rates to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim [ 48 ].…”

Prevalence, associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella and Shigella species among diarrheic under five children in Sultan Sheik Hassan Yabere referral Hospital, Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia

“…Globally 21% of deaths in children under the age of 5 years results from diarrheal infection mortality, which translates to 2.5 million child deaths. Africa and South Asia are still home to more than 80% of child deaths [ 1 ], making diarrhea the second leading cause of death among children under the age of five [ 2 ]. Salmonella and Shigella are the major cause of childhood diarrhea associated with a high burden of illness n in the developing world where there is poor sanitation and limited improved health care services [ 3 ].…”