Prevalence of sensory impairments, physical and intellectual disabilities, and mental health in children and young people with self/proxy-reported autism: Observational study of a whole country population

Rydzewska, Ewelina; Hughes-McCormack, Laura Anne; Gillberg, Christopher; Henderson, Angela; MacIntyre, Cecilia; Rintoul, Julie; Cooper, Sally‐Ann

doi:10.1177/1362361318791279

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Conditions that co‐occur with ASD have diverse pathophysiological characteristics. Studies have found gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms [Holingue, Newill, Lee, Pasricha, & Daniele Fallin, ], sleep disorders [Díaz‐Román, Zhang, Delorme, Beggiato, & Cortese, ], immune‐mediated disorders [Hughes, Mills Ko, Rose, & Ashwood, ], epilepsy [Woolfenden, Sarkozy, Ridley, Coory, & Williams, ], and many other conditions [Kohane et al, ; Mannion, Leader, & Healy, ; Muskens, Velders, & Staal, ; Rydzewska et al, ] to affect substantial numbers of individuals with ASD. Although seemingly distinct, some studies have suggested that certain COCs tend to co‐occur together [Aldinger, Lane, Veenstra‐VanderWeele, & Levitt, ; Fulceri et al, ; Hirata et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of co‐occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data

et al. 2019

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently affected by co-occurring medical conditions (COCs), which vary in severity, age of onset, and pathophysiological characteristics. The presence of COCs contributes to significant heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of ASD between individuals and a better understanding of COCs may offer greater insight into the etiology of ASD in specific subgroups while also providing guidance for diagnostic and treatment protocols. This study retrospectively analyzed medical claims data from a private United States health plan between years 2000 and 2015 to investigate patterns of COC diagnoses in a cohort of 3,278 children with ASD throughout their first 5 years of enrollment compared to 279,693 children from the general population without ASD diagnoses (POP cohort). Three subgroups of children with ASD were identified by k-means clustering using these COC patterns. The first cluster was characterized by generally high rates of COC diagnosis and comprised 23.7% (n = 776) of the cohort. Diagnoses of developmental delays were dominant in the second cluster containing 26.5% (n = 870) of the cohort. Children in the third cluster, making up 49.8% (n = 1,632) of the cohort, had the lowest rates of COC diagnosis, which were slightly higher than rates observed in the POP cohort. A secondary analysis using these data found that gastrointestinal and immune disorders showed similar longitudinal patterns of prevalence, as did seizure and sleep disorders. These findings may help to better inform the development of diagnostic workup and treatment protocols for COCs in children with ASD.Lay Summary: Medical conditions that co-occur with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary significantly from person to person. This study analyzed patterns in diagnosis of co-occurring conditions from medical claims data and observed three subtypes of children with ASD. These results may aid with screening for co-occurring conditions in children with ASD and with understanding ASD subtypes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of co‐occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data

et al. 2019

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“…Comparing autistic girls/women to autistic boys/men The majority of studies described prevalence rates for a wide range of physical health conditions in autistic people ( Table 1). Out of these, several studies reported prevalence of physical health conditions in autism by sex, comparing autistic girls/women directly to autistic boys/men [18][19][20][21]. Autistic girls/women have higher odds than autistic boys/men for six disorder categories derived from census data, including three relevant to physical health: deafness, blindness, and physical disability [19,20].…”

Section: Autistic Girls/women May Experience More Overall Physical Hementioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Health of Autistic Girls and Women: A Scoping Review

Kassee

Babinski

Tint

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is a growing recognition of sex and gender influences in autism. Increasingly, studies include comparisons between sexes or genders, but few have focused on clarifying the characteristics of autistic girls' and women's physical health. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to determine what is currently known about the physical health of autistic girls and women. We screened 1,112 unique articles, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. We used a convergent iterative process to synthesize this content into broad thematic areas. Results: Overall, autistic girls and women experience more physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls and women, and to autistic boys and men. Preliminary evidence suggests increased neurological conditions (e.g., epilepsy) in autistic girls and women compared to autistic boys and men. As well, the literature suggests increased endocrine/reproductive conditions in autistic girls and women compared to non-autistic girls and women. Limitations: The literature has substantial heterogeneity in how physical health conditions were assessed and reported. Further, our explicit focus on physical health may have constrained the ability to examine potential interactions between mental and physical health. In addition, the widely differing research aims and methodologies make it difficult to reach definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, in keeping with the goals of a scoping review, we were able to identify key themes to guide future research. Conclusions: Emerging themes in the literature suggest that autistic girls and women have heightened rates of physical health challenges compared to autistic boys and men, and non-autistic girls and women. Clinicians should seek to provide holistic care for this population that includes a focus on physical health and recognizes that autistic girls and women have co-occurring conditions that differ from those of autistic boys and men.

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“…11 Autistic adults are five times more likely than nonautistic people to have poor health, and this is especially so for older people. 12 High prevalence of physical and mental health conditions affects autistic adults in old age, in both the presence and absence of an intellectual disability. 13 Prevalence of mental illness is also significantly higher in the autistic population, and such long-term mental health conditions are generally associated with cognitive difficulties in later life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Care for Older Autistic Adults: Insights from Three Multiexpert Summits

Crompton

Michael²,

Dawson

et al. 2020

Autism in Adulthood

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As autistic people get older, they may suffer increasingly with poor health and as a result may transition to residential care. Very little is known about the support needs of older autistic adults in general, or their specific needs within residential care services. As such, it is impossible to determine whether existing residential services are meeting the needs of older autistic adults. A first step to resolving this issue is to determine what are the priority topics for research and practice in this area. A multidisciplinary expert group was formed, and three meetings were held in 2018. Group members included older autistic adults, the immediate family members of older autistic adults (siblings and children), service providers, clinicians, and researchers based in the United Kingdom. Their aim was to progress the research and practice agenda in residential care for older autistic adults by identifying priority topics for research and recommendations for practice and policy. Ten key topics were identified, including supporting transitions to residential care, training for staff, and supporting physical health. This article summarizes the discussions around these topics and highlights areas for future research and practice development.

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Prevalence of sensory impairments, physical and intellectual disabilities, and mental health in children and young people with self/proxy-reported autism: Observational study of a whole country population

Abstract: Prevalence of sensory impairments, physical and intellectual disabilities, and mental health in children and young people with self/proxy-reported autism: observational study of a whole country population. Autism,

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Clustering of co‐occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data

Clustering of co‐occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data

Physical Health of Autistic Girls and Women: A Scoping Review

Residential Care for Older Autistic Adults: Insights from Three Multiexpert Summits

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