2022
DOI: 10.3390/v14010154
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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Variants of Interest in COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in a Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) or of interest (VOIs) causing vaccine breakthrough infections pose an increased risk to worldwide public health. An observational case-control study was performed of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections in hospitalized or ambulatory patients in Monterrey, Mexico, from April through August 2021. Vaccination breakthrough was defined as a SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred any time after 7 days of inoculation with partial (e.g., first dose of two-dose vaccines) or compl… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Peak incidence of cases in both vaccinated and unvaccinated cohort participants coincided with Delta variant emergence in Mexico, and vaccine effectiveness against illness was lower during Delta variant predominance compared with prior months. Nevertheless, vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization and death remained high during Delta predominance, consistent with prior reports of mild breakthrough infection with Delta among persons vaccinated with CanSino in Mexico [18]. However, Delta variant emergence also coincided with increasing time since vaccination, and as in similar prior studies, we could not distinguish between effects of both factors [19].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…Peak incidence of cases in both vaccinated and unvaccinated cohort participants coincided with Delta variant emergence in Mexico, and vaccine effectiveness against illness was lower during Delta variant predominance compared with prior months. Nevertheless, vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization and death remained high during Delta predominance, consistent with prior reports of mild breakthrough infection with Delta among persons vaccinated with CanSino in Mexico [18]. However, Delta variant emergence also coincided with increasing time since vaccination, and as in similar prior studies, we could not distinguish between effects of both factors [19].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…The T478K mutation in the Delta variant may also facilitate an escape by antibodies generated by vaccines or natural infection [ 45 , 66 ]. The AY.4 lineage of the Delta variant was seen predominantly in hospitalized patients vaccinated by the CanSino vaccine where around 67% of vaccinated individuals developed milder symptoms of COVID-19 [ 23 ]. Despite the asymptomatic or mild disease, the BTIs were associated with low levels of neutralizing antibodies, high viral load, and prolonged positivity on PCR tests, thus potentially contributing to ongoing transmission from fully vaccinated individuals [ 66 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another study that analyzed the viral loads of over 16,000 infections during the predominantly Delta wave in Israel, found lower viral loads in BTIs in fully vaccinated individuals compared to infections in the unvaccinated. However, this effect started to decline after 2 months [ 23 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…A study reported that SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the Delta wave in a hospital from Monterrey, Mexico, mainly occurred in patients immunized with the Ad5-nCoV vaccine. Therefore, they concluded that SARS-CoV-2 variants compromised the efficacy of this vaccine [ 5 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%