Prevalence of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease  in Kyrgyzstan: Assessment using WHO STEPS Approach

Makhmutkhodzhaev, S A; Kydyralieva, Ryskul B.; Altymysheva, Aliina; Dzhakipova, R S; Zhorupbekova, Kanzada Sh.; Ryskulova, S T; Knyazeva, Valeriya; Kaliev, M T; Джумагулова, А. С.

doi:10.18565/cardio.2016.11.86-90

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…As per the results of studies conducted in our country during the Soviet era, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 17.0%–19.6% and was lower among highlanders (14, 15, 26). According to the STEPS study conducted by the WHO, the frequency of hypercholesterolemia was 23.3%, where the mean cholesterol level was 4.4 (95% CI 4.3–4.7) mmol/L and the TC level was >6.2 mmol/L in 4.7% of the examined cohort ( 27 ); this was significantly lower than the analogous indicators identified in our study. In the Russian Federation, as per the epidemiologic study, ECVD-RF prevalence of raised TC level was 57.6% ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…However, it is well known that DM can be asymptomatic for a long time and is often diagnosed in the later, more advanced stages. In the STEPS study, DM was found in 8.8% of the surveyed population, and another 4.5% of the respondents had carbohydrate metabolism disorders ( 27 ). According to WHO data, there has been a steady worldwide increase in the number of patients with DM, and >70% of these patients live in low and middle-income countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan: results of an epidemiological study

Полупанов

Халматов

Altymysheva³

et al. 2020

Anatol J Cardiol

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Objective: To study the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) in the rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan (Central Asia). Methods: The sample was representative of the population in terms of age and sex and included at least 10% of the population aged 18-65 y. Of the 1,672 people included in the cohort, 1.330 people responded to the invitation (79.5% of the total sample population). All study participants were interviewed using standardized questionnaires and examined by a cardiologist. Blood pressure (BP), weight, height, waist circumference (WC), fasting serum glucose, and fasting lipid level were measured. Results: The prevalence of major CV RFs in the examined sample was as follows: arterial hypertension 34.1%, obesity 25.7%, and abdominal obesity 52.3%; the factors were significantly more prevalent in women (68.2%) and increased with age. The frequency of lipid metabolism disorders was 88.4% in the examined subjects, and an increased level of low-density cholesterol (70.5%) was common. Hypodynamia was detected in 15.6% of the subjects, diabetes mellitus in 3.76%, and a family history of cardiovascular disease was present in 34.8% of the examined subjects. The frequency of smoking was 24.6% and was significantly higher in men (46.9%). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity, followed by hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension were the most common RFs among the rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan. Smoking was the most common RF among men. The prevalence of traditional CV RFs, except smoking, increased with age.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan: results of an epidemiological study

Полупанов

Халматов

Altymysheva³

et al. 2020

Anatol J Cardiol

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“…Since respondents were selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling technique and analyses were adjusted for the complex survey design, we are convinced that the obtained results could be generalized to the whole population. Also, our study used 2 biochemical test measurements to diagnose T2DM, whereas most of the previous studies used a single biochemical measurement ( 10 , 47 – 49 ), which has its own limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study

Orazumbekova

Atageldiyeva

Berkinbayev

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem. A large proportion of patients with T2DM are unaware of their condition. People with undiagnosed T2DM are at a greater risk of developing complications, whereas prediabetes has an elevated risk of becoming T2DM. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), undiagnosed and prior-diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four geographically remote regions using the WHO STEP survey instrument. The status of T2DM of 4,753 participants was determined using the WHO diagnostic criteria based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level. As a result, the survey-weighted prevalence of IFG was 1.9% (95% CI 1.1%; 3.5%) and of T2DM was 8.0% (95% CI 3.8; 15.9). A total of 54% of T2DM have been newly diagnosed with T2DM. Being 55–64 years old (OR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.12; 6.60) and having lowered HDL-C level (OR = 3.72, 95% CI 1.68; 8.23) were found to be independent predictors for IFG. Being older than 45 years, a female (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.39; 0.83), having high waist circumference, was associated with newly diagnosed T2DM. Whereas, the age older than 45 years, high waist circumference, and family history of diabetes (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.64; 3.54) were associated with preexisting T2DM. This study shows a high prevalence of IFG and a high proportion of newly diagnosed T2DM in Kazakhstan. A series of risk factors identified in the study may be used to strengthen appropriate identification of IFG or undiagnosed patients in healthcare settings to deliver either preventive or therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce the incidence of T2DM or the delay of their complications. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations in our population.

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“…For instance, physical inactivity data for Bahrain, Jordan, Oman, Qatar, Syria, and Uzbekistan were derived from a study on the prevalence of physical inactivity in Muslim countries [26]. The data for Kyrgyzstan were also obtained from a study on the prevalence of risk factors for noninvasive diseases [27]. Additionally, the obesity and overweight data for Georgia were not mentioned in the reference and, consequently, the required information was obtained from ‘Overweight and Obesity in Georgia’ in 2005 [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation Between Bladder Cancer and Obesity, Overweight, Physical Inactivity, and Tobacco Use: An Ecological Study in Asian Countries

Rezaei

Tabatabaee

Rahmanian

et al. 2019

Annals of Global Health

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Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the world. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the correlation between age-standardized incidence rates of bladder cancer and some risk factors in Asian countries through an extensive ecological analysis. Methods: This ecological study evaluated the correlation between age-standardized incidence rates of bladder cancer and obesity, overweight, physical inactivity, and tobacco use in 30 Asian countries. To determine the factors that were significantly related to age-standardized incidence rate of bladder cancer, a univariate analysis was performed using simple linear regression. In the next step, variables with p-values less than 0.25 were entered into a multivariate linear regression model. Results: The incidence of bladder cancer was higher in countries with higher prevalence of overweight (r 2 = 0.36, p < 0.001), obesity (r 2 = 0.34, p = 0.001), current daily tobacco use (r 2 = 0.17, p = 0.03), and physical inactivity (r 2 = 0.13, p = 0.04). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated a direct correlation between the incidence of bladder cancer and overweight (β = 0.15, p < 0.001) and current daily tobacco use (β = 0.21, p = 0.001). Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between the incidence of bladder cancer and overweight and current daily tobacco use. Further epidemiological studies are needed to confirm this relationship.

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Prevalence of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease in Kyrgyzstan: Assessment using WHO STEPS Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan: results of an epidemiological study

The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan: results of an epidemiological study

Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes in Kazakhstan: Findings From Large Study

The Correlation Between Bladder Cancer and Obesity, Overweight, Physical Inactivity, and Tobacco Use: An Ecological Study in Asian Countries

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