Prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis and associated factors among presumptive tuberculosis patients in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos Nigeria

Abstract

BackgroundNigeria is one of the 30 high burden countries for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos State Nigeria.MethodsA retrospective review of presumptive TB register of patients screened for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and RR-TB using Xpert MTB/RIF assay at Mainland hospital between January 1 2012 and December 31 2016 was conducted.ResultsA total of 2497 clients were screened for MTB and RR-TB during the study period. The majority (51.4%) were between 25 – 44 years. Male: Female ratio was 1:0.8. Of the 2497 clients screened, MTB was detected in 942 (37.7%) out of which 220 (23.4%) had RR-TB. Age (AOR 1.8, 95%CI 1.3– 2.6, p = 0.001), symptomatic contact with DR-TB patients (AOR 3.3, 95%CI 2.1–5.1, p <0.001) and type of TB (AOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.7 — 5.0, <0.001) were associated with RR-TB after adjusting for age, gender, HIV status and symptomatic contacts with DR-TB patients.ConclusionThe prevalence of RR-TB in new and previously treated TB patients was high in this study. Urgent steps are needed to avert an impending RR-TB epidemic

<p>Rifampicin-Resistant <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> Among Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</p>

“…This finding is lower compared to previous studies conducted in different parts of Ethiopia as well as in different countries around the world; 15.11% in Addis Ababa, 15 20% in Gambella (Southwest Ethiopia), 16 24.3% in Bahirdar (Northwest Ethiopia), 17 21.32% in Kathmandu, Nepal, 18 23% in Northern Nigeria (23%), 19 27.6% in India, 20 26% in South Africa 21 and 37.7% in Lagos, Nigeria. 22 The probable reason for this lower prevalence of MTB might have been geographical and demographical variation in the study population as well as the decreasing trend of tuberculosis which is in line with the WHO estimates.…”

“…38 However, our finding was lower compared to reports by Mesfin et al from Addis Ababa (39.4%), 39 Jaleta et al from Gondar (15.8%), 24 Hordofa from Southern Ethiopia (3.4% of RR-MTB from 16.5% total MTB cases, or 16.3%) 40 and Adejumo et al from Lagos, Nigeria (23.4%). 22 Meanwhile, it was higher than findings from previous studies conducted in Gambella (4.9%), 16 in Afar region Dubti (4.3%), 41 in Eastern Ethiopia (1.7%), 42 in East Gojjam (2.59%) 43 and in Nigeria (6.9%). 37 These differences from place to place could be due to differences in patient selection, TB case management, diagnosis and treatment compliance.…”

Retrospective Analysis of Rifampicin-resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients in Secondary Referral Hospital Offa, Nigeria

“…[24]. Furthermore, our prevalence frequency of 10.6% MTB positive and 6.3% for rifampicin resistance is a good indicator that TB prevalence in Kwara South is very low when compared with studies conducted in Lagos by Adejumo et al, [24] which recorded 37.7% for MTB positive with 23.4% for rifampicin MTB/RIF assay system, this study obtained frequency of 6.3% rifampicin mono resistance. This is consistence with the 23] where they attributed low frequency of rifampicin monoresistance to the new history of use of rifampicin Furthermore, our prevalence frequency of 10.6% MTB positive and 6.3% for rifampicin resistance is a good indicator that TB prevalence in Kwara South is very low when compared with studies conducted in Lagos which recorded 37.7% for MTB positive with 23.4% for rifampicin resistance and also lower than 43.3% MTB positive and 17.6% for rifampicin resistance recorded by Kuyinu et al [25] Lagos state.…”

“…Report has also shown significant number of people acquire drug resistant strain due to location of their residence in high prevalence of drug resistance area [20]. [24]. Furthermore, our prevalence frequency of 10.6% MTB positive and 6.3% for rifampicin resistance is a good indicator that TB prevalence in Kwara South is very low when compared with studies conducted in Lagos by Adejumo et al, [24] which recorded 37.7% for MTB positive with 23.4% for rifampicin MTB/RIF assay system, this study obtained frequency of 6.3% rifampicin mono resistance.…”

Primary Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in the Elderly in Shandong,china,from 2004 - 2019.

“…al. [45,46,47,48]Elderly patients were more probably to get RR-TB than the younger patients which was stated in some surveis. [42,44].These may be the reasons that DR-TB pattern changed The change of DR-TB pattern will bring us a huge challenge to control the DR-TB in the elderly.…”