Prevalence of QT prolongation and its risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background QT prolongation increases cardiovascular mortality in diabetes. The risk factors for QT prolongation vary across different studies. There is no data on the QT prolongation in patients with diabetes from the Arab region, where diabetes is highly prevalent. Here we aimed to assess the prevalence of QT prolongation and its associated risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes from Saudi Arabia. Method This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, hospital-based file review study. Data were collected from the medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes aged above 14 years and underwent ECG examination, and laboratory investigations were done within one month of ECG. Results The study included 782 patients with a prevalence of QTc prolongation of 13%. Patients with prolonged QTc interval were characterized by older age, higher BMI, longer diabetes duration, lower total cholesterol and LDL-C, and more diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, and CVD cases. They were also more in insulin treatment, antihypertensive medications, loop diuretics, and potassium-sparring diuretics. Logistic regression analysis revealed the odds of prolonged QTc interval increased significantly with CVD (OR = 1.761, 95% CI:1.021–3.036, p = 0.042), and usage of loop diuretics (OR = 2.245, 95% CI:1.023–4.923, p = 0.044) after adjusting for age, gender, and duration of diabetes. Conclusion The risk factors associated with QTc prolongation in patients with type 2 diabetes are CVD, and loop diuretics. Age, BMI, and diabetes duration were more in people with QTc prolongation, whereas total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were lower. More patients had diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, and CVD with prolonged QTc.

Developing a Model for Quantifying QTc-Prolongation Risk to Enhance Medication Safety Assessment: A Retrospective Analysis

“…Another recurring aspect in the presented models is the fact that patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases are particularly at risk for QTc prolongation [32]: physiological knowledge and the existing literature show that prolongation of the QTc interval could be promoted by myocardial and electrophysiological remodeling processes [33]. Myocardial changes induced by hypertensive cardiomyopathy and sympathovagal imbalance are the likely mechanisms behind the relationship between hypertension and QTc prolongation [34].…”

Clinical characteristics and 1-year all-cause mortality in elderly hip fracture patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a propensity score matching study

“…increase the heart burden 38 , and cause cardiac complications once decompensation 39 . (2) T2DM patients are often combined with renal function damage, resulting in a decrease in the kidneys' ability to regulate uid and acid-based balance 40 , which is easy to induce water, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, and even interfere with myocardial electrical activity and cause serious complications such as arrhythmia 41 . (3) T2DM patients are more likely to have metabolic disorders such as blood glucose uctuations 42 and nutritional insu ciency during the perioperative period 43 , which will also increase the risk of perioperative complications.…”

The Potential of Using the Dynamics of Electrocardiographic Parameters in Detecting Cardiotoxicity 12 Months After the End of Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer With Doxorubicin

“…Однако в подгруппе КТ+ увеличение Q-Tc регистрировали статистически значимо чаще по сравнению с КТ-. Для получения более полной информации и анализа возможных удаленных последствий необходимо проведение дополнительных исследований в связи с тем, что, согласно данным литературы, увеличение интервала Q-Tc ассоциировано с повышенным риском внезапной смерти [27].…”