Prevalence of Premature Loss of Primary Teeth at the Age of 6-10 Years in Sana'a City, Yemen

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Primary teeth and the integrity of the primary teeth are very important for the normal growth and progress of the occlusal relationships and the dentofacial structures. Premature loss of the primary teeth may lead to the loss of the arch length needed for the eruption of permanent teeth and thus lead to rotation, crowding, and impaction of permanent teeth. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of premature loss of primary teeth among children aged 6-10 years in Sana'a city, Yemen.
 Materials and methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 1091 children, aged 6-10 years. An experienced examiner the first author carried out all clinical examinations under natural light. Data were collected including age and missing teeth.
 Results: The results showed that 26% of the sample suffered premature loss of primary teeth with no significant difference between the sexes (P> 0.05). There was low in prevalence of premature loss of primary teeth in 10 years (17.7%), while the rate raised to 29.7%, 31.6%, and 31.7% in 6,7 and 9 years respectively. When considering the number of teeth, the prevalence of one premature loss was 10.8%, followed by two premature losses (9.8%), while the loss rate of 3 or more was5.4%. Considering dental arch 61.8% of loss was Mandible loss, while the loss in Maxilla was 38.1% only. The most common missing tooth is the first lower right primary molar (17%).
 Conclusion: The prevalence of premature loss in our study is similar to that of developing countries, the rate was low at 10 years for children, while the rate increased at 6,7 and 9 years; most of the loss was in the lower jaw and the most common missing tooth was the right lower primary molar. This result determines the importance of increasing awareness of this problem and focusing on the need for more preventive efforts to maintain healthy and natural teeth that improve the chewing function and aesthetic appearance of children and the entire population.
 Peer Review History: 
 Received 25 July 2020; Revised 15 August; Accepted 26 August, Available online 15 September 2020
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 Received file 
 
 Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
 Reviewer(s) detail:
 Name: Dr. Mohamed Amin El-Emam
 Affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria (PUA), Alexandria, Egypt.
 E-mail: mohamed.elemam@pua.edu.eg
 
 Name: Dr. Mohammad Tauseef
 Affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University
 E-mail: mtauseef@csu.edu
 
 Comments of reviewer(s): 
 
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“…The results of the present study found that the rates between the genders were similar, which is in accordance with the results of previous studies. [15][16][17] Differences in early loss were detected in different age groups and the highest occurrence was recorded in children of around 8 and 9 years old, in accordance with the findings reported in previous studies. 8,[15][16][17] At least one tooth was diagnosed as requiring extraction in 31% of the patients who attended the clinic, which is consistent with studies conducted by researchers in developing countries.…”

“…[15][16][17] Differences in early loss were detected in different age groups and the highest occurrence was recorded in children of around 8 and 9 years old, in accordance with the findings reported in previous studies. 8,[15][16][17] At least one tooth was diagnosed as requiring extraction in 31% of the patients who attended the clinic, which is consistent with studies conducted by researchers in developing countries. 17,18 In primary and mixed dentition, the indications for tooth extraction due to caries are 16.6% and 31.2%, respectively.…”

“…8,[15][16][17] At least one tooth was diagnosed as requiring extraction in 31% of the patients who attended the clinic, which is consistent with studies conducted by researchers in developing countries. 17,18 In primary and mixed dentition, the indications for tooth extraction due to caries are 16.6% and 31.2%, respectively. Although varying results have been reported, studies have indicated that the main reason for tooth extraction is caries in both primary and mixed dentitions.…”

Comparative evaluation of fiber reinforced composite resin over conventional band and loop for space maintenance in children: An assessment of patient acceptance and treatment outcome

“…Early or premature loss is the term for primary tooth loss before the period of its natural exfoliation and it can lead to variety of problems, including crowding, rotation, and impaction of the permanent teeth, formation of crossbites, differences in the median line of teeth, and supra-eruption of the antagonistic teeth; due to drifting of teeth present mesial and distal to the space, which eventually shortens the arch length required for the succeeding teeth. Additionally, it negatively affects children's emotional health and quality of life [3][4][5] . With the intent of preventing malocclusion brought on by the early loss of primary teeth, space maintainers can be employed, depending upon the child's dental development stage, the affected dental arch, the missing primary teeth [4,6] .…”

Malocclusion And Premature Teeth Loss: Its Prevalence And Association Among Yemeni School Children In Sana’a

“…Investigation and survey of dental health problems in Yemen are in spite of everything fairly small and limited, even though there were studies that dealt with the problems of dental caries, the prevalence and pattern of third molar impaction in adults and children, periodontal infections, and causes of extraction of permanent teeth [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], however no exploration converge the prevalence of premature loss of primary teeth and its effect on malocclusion. Early loss of primary teeth is a worldwide problem.…”