Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Vietnam-Era Women Veterans

Magruder, Kathryn M.; Serpi, Tracey; Kimerling, Rachel; Kilbourne, Amy M.; Collins, Joseph F.; Cypel, Yasmin; Frayne, Susan M.; Furey, Joan; Huang, Grant D.; Gleason, Theresa; Reinhard, Matthew J.; Spiro, Avron; Kang, Han K.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1786

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Trauma exposure has particularly pernicious effects on both mental and physical health (Qureshi et al, 2010 ; Qureshi, Pyne, Magruder, Schulz, & Kunik, 2009 ), even decades later (Goldberg et al, 2014 ; Magruder et al, 2015 ). Those exposed are at elevated risk of major depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse and dependence, and behavior disorders in children and adolescents (Breslau, Davis, Peterson, & Schultz, 2000 ; Breslau, Davis, & Schultz, 2003 ; McLaughlin et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Public Health Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and public health approaches to trauma and traumatic stress: a rationale and a call to action

Magruder

Kassam‐Adams

Thoresen

et al. 2016

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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BackgroundThe field of trauma and traumatic stress is dominated by studies on treatments for those who experience adversity from traumatic experiences. While this is important, we should not neglect the opportunity to consider trauma in a public health perspective. Such a perspective will help to develop prevention approaches as well as extend the reach of early interventions and treatments. The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to a public health approach to trauma and traumatic stress and identify key opportunities for trauma professionals and our professional societies (such as the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies [ISTSS] and the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies [ESTSS]) to increase our societal impact by adopting such an approach.MethodThis paper reviews and summarizes key findings related to the public health impact of trauma. The special case of children is explored, and a case example of the Norwegian terrorist attacks in 2011 illustrates the potential for improving our response to community level traumatic events. We also discuss how professional organizations such as ESTSS and ISTSS, as well as individual trauma professionals, can and should play an important role in promoting a public health approach.ResultsTrauma is pervasive throughout the world and has negative impacts at the personal, family, community, and societal levels. A public health perspective may help to develop prevention approaches at all of these levels, as well as extend the reach of early interventions and treatments.ConclusionsProfessional organizations such as ESTSS and ISTSS can and should play an important role in promoting a public health approach. They should promote the inclusion of trauma in the global public health agenda and include public health in their activities.

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Section: Public Health Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and public health approaches to trauma and traumatic stress: a rationale and a call to action

Magruder

Kassam‐Adams

Thoresen

et al. 2016

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results further suggest that the attenuation of NOX2-induced excessive oxidative stress might play a key role in the neuro-protective effects of EE in this animal model. PTSD is a stress-based neuropsychiatric disorder that develops following the exposure to a traumatic event such as war, violence, rape or natural disaster [1,18] and involves diverse mechanisms. It is generally accepted that hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis function is altered and cortisol levels are increased in PTSD patients [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of oxidative stress-induced phenotype loss of parvalbumin interneurons might contribute to the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder

Sun

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2016

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…PTSD is a trauma-induced condition marked by intrusive thoughts about and re-experiencing of trauma (life-like flashbacks, nightmares), avoidance of trauma-associated stimuli and thoughts, negative cognitions and mood (anhedonia, hopelessness), and hyperarousal (anger outbursts, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle) (5). An estimated 6% of the U.S. population has a lifetime history of PTSD (6,7), with a higher prevalence among first responders (8), military veterans (9)(10)(11)(12), and women (6,7,12). An additional 6% of U.S. adults could have a lifetime history of partial PTSD defined as fewer, but not less frequent, intense or severe, PTSD symptoms (13).…”

Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proof-of-Mechanism Study to Test Effects of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Lanicemine on Behavioral Sensitization in Individuals With Symptoms of PTSD

et al. 2019

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Background: Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a heightened sensitivity to subsequent stressors, addictive drugs, and symptom recurrence, a form of behavioral sensitization. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are involved in the establishment and activation of sensitized behavior.Objective: We describe a protocol of a randomized placebo-controlled Phase 1b proofof-mechanism trial to examine target engagement, safety, tolerability, and possible efficacy of the NMDAR antagonist lanicemine in individuals with symptoms of PTSD (Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS-5] score ≥ 25) and evidence of behavioral sensitization measured as enhanced anxiety-potentiated startle (APS; T-score ≥ 2.8).Methods: Subjects (n = 24; age range 21-65) receive three 60-min intravenous infusions of placebo or 100 mg lanicemine over 5 non-consecutive days. Primary endpoint is change in APS from pre-treatment baseline to after the third infusion. NMDAR engagement is probed with resting state EEG gamma band power, 40 Hz auditory steady state response, the mismatch negativity amplitude, and P50 sensory gating. Change in CAPS-5 scores is an exploratory clinical endpoint. Bayesian statistical methods will evaluate endpoints to determine suitability of this agent for further study. Conclusion:In contrast to traditional early-phase trials that use symptom severity to track treatment efficacy, this study tracks engagement of the study drug on expression of behavioral sensitization, a functional mechanism likely to cut across disorders. This experimental therapeutics design is consistent with recent NIMH-industry collaborative Frontiers in Psychiatry | www.frontiersin.org STuDy PROTOCOL

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Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Vietnam-Era Women Veterans

Cited by 43 publications

References 26 publications

Prevention and public health approaches to trauma and traumatic stress: a rationale and a call to action

Prevention and public health approaches to trauma and traumatic stress: a rationale and a call to action

Amelioration of oxidative stress-induced phenotype loss of parvalbumin interneurons might contribute to the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder

A Proof-of-Mechanism Study to Test Effects of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Lanicemine on Behavioral Sensitization in Individuals With Symptoms of PTSD

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