Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes Using Updated Criteria for Polycystic Ovarian Morphology: An Assessment of Over 100 Consecutive Women Self-reporting Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its distinct clinical phenotypes were assessed using 3 sets of international diagnostic criteria in women self-reporting concerns over outward features of PCOS. Revised ultrasonographic criteria for polycystic ovaries (PCO) based on modern ultrasound technology were used. Of the participants, 53%, 62%, and 70% were diagnosed with PCOS using National Institutes of Health, Androgen Excess and PCOS Society, and Rotterdam criteria, respectively. Prevalence of Frank, Ovulatory, Normoandrogenic, and Non-PCO PCOS were 66%, 13%, 11%, and 9%, respectively. Frank PCOS was associated with the severest metabolic disturbances whereas metabolic profiles in Normoandrogenic PCOS did not differ from controls, supporting reduced health risks in women without androgen excess. Metabolic disturbances and hyperandrogenism were linked to excess adiposity across all the groups. Using updated criteria for PCO, the prevalence of Non-PCO PCOS and PCO alone in healthy women recruited from the general population was reduced compared to the previous reports.

Statistical Genomic Approach Identifies Association between FSHR Polymorphisms and Polycystic Ovary Morphology in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Women with PCOS can be diagnosed without PCO morphology according to the 2003 Rotterdam Criteria [ 2 ]. PCO appearance under ultrasound is only detected in 62.7% to 91% PCOS women [ 5 , 22 ]. There are essentially two anomalies affecting folliculogenesis [ 23 ]: excessive small follicular growth and the defective selection of a dominant follicle.…”

“…It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity, infertility, and polycystic ovarian (PCO) morphology [ 2 , 3 ]. Although the term PCO is used, not all patients have polycystic ovaries [ 4 , 5 ]. Ultrasonography is the only way to detect PCO, the results of which may be related to the experience of doctors, the definition of devices, and the detected time of the menstruation period.…”

Body Composition, Serum Concentrations of Androgens and Insulin Resistance in Different Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes

“…The Rotterdam criteria for PCOS recognize four clinical phenotypes of the syndrome. The most prevalent phenotype is the classic form [7], which meets all three current criteria for PCOS: clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA), menstrual dysfunction (oligo/amenorrhea) (Oligo) and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM)-phenotype A (Oligo + HA + PCOM). Phenotype B (HA + Oligo) and phenotype C (HA + PCOM) are less frequent.…”

Unsolved Mysteries of the Human Mammary Gland: Defining and Redefining the Critical Questions from the Lactation Consultant’s Perspective

“…When symptoms and presentations vary, it is more difficult to pinpoint causes of lactation problems. One interesting approach that PCOS researchers are using to assess risk is categorizing women by combinations of the Rotterdam consensus phenotypes to see if there are some combinations that result in poorer health outcomes than others [51]. Palomba et al explored the risk of PCOS phenotype combinations on pregnancy and neonatal health (ie, miscarriage, pregnancy hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, premature delivery, small or large fetal size, etc.…”