Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated ampC Genes in Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from Cairo, Egypt

Fam, Nevine

doi:10.9734/bmrj/2013/4653

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These results were in agreement with two studies carried in Cairo, Egypt, by Fam et al [17] and Hosny and Kashif [40] in which CMY was detected in 76.5% and 60% while DHA-1 in the 23.5% and 40%, respectively. On the other hand, in studies carried by Barwa et al [41] and Wassef et al [42], the FOX family showed the highest prevalence rate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Plasmid Mediated AmpCβ-Lactamases amongEscherichia coli,Klebsiellaspp., andProteus mirabilisIsolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Egyptian Hospitals

Helmy

Wasfi

2014

BioMed Research International

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The incidence of resistance by Enterobacteriaceae to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors combination is increasing in Egypt. Three phenotypic techniques, comprising AmpC disk diffusion and inhibition dependent methods using phenylboronic acid (PBA) and cloxacillin, were compared to PCR based method for detection of plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamase in common urinary tract isolates. A total of 143 isolates, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis, were collected from urinary tract infections cases in Egyptian hospitals. Plasmid encoded AmpC genes were detected by PCR in 88.46% of cefoxitin resistant isolates. The most prevalent AmpC gene family was CIT including CMY-2, CMY-4, and two CMY-2 variants. The second prevalent gene was DHA-1 which was detected in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The genes EBC, FOX, and MOX were also detected but in small percentage. Some isolates were identified as having more than one pAmpC gene. The overall sensitivity and specificity of phenotypic tests for detection of AmpC β-lactamase showed that AmpC disk diffusion and inhibition dependent method by cloxacillin were the most sensitive and the most specific disk tests. PCR remains the gold standard for detection of AmpC β-lactamases. This study represents the first report of CMY-2 variants of CMY-42 and CMY-102 β-lactamase-producing E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis isolates in Egypt.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These groups were suspected to originate from Hafnia alvei , Morganella morganii , Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloaca, and Aeromonas spp. [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Plasmid Mediated AmpCβ-Lactamases amongEscherichia coli,Klebsiellaspp., andProteus mirabilisIsolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Egyptian Hospitals

Helmy

Wasfi

2014

BioMed Research International

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“…The resistance-associated genes bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla CMY were previously reported in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from septicaemic broilers [ 68 ] and from humans [ 69 , 70 ] in Egypt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from healthy broilers in Egypt: emergence of colistin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPoultry remains one of the most important reservoir for zoonotic multidrug resistant pathogens. The global rise of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is of reasonable concern and demands intensified surveillance.MethodsIn 2016, 576 cloacal swabs were collected from 48 broiler farms located in five governorates in northern Egypt. Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae could be cultivated on different media and were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and PCR. Escherichia coli isolates were genotyped by DNA-microarray-based assays. The antimicrobial susceptibility to 14 antibiotics was determined and resistance-associated genes were detected. The VITEK-2 system was applied for phenotypical confirmation of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates. The determination of colistin resistance was carried out phenotypically using E-test and genotypically using PCR for detection of the mcr-1 gene.ResultsOut of 576 samples, 72 representatives of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and identified as 63 E. coli (87.5%), 5 Enterobacter cloacae (6.9%), 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.8%) and 2 Citrobacter spp. (2.8%). Seven out of 56 cultivated E. coli (12.5%) were confirmed as ESBL-producing E. coli and one isolate (1.8%) as ESBL/carbapenemase-producing E. coli. Five out of 63 E. coli isolates (7.9%) recovered from different poultry flocks were phenotypically resistant to colistin and harboured mcr-1 gene.ConclusionsThis is the first study reporting colistin resistance and emergence of multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from healthy broilers in the Nile Delta region, Egypt. Colistin-resistant E. coli in poultry is of public health significance. The global rise of ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria demands intensified surveillance. ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry farms in Egypt are of major concern that emphasizes the possibility of spread of such strains to humans. The results also reinforce the need to develop strategies and to implement specific control procedures to reduce the use of antibiotics.

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“…found by Akujobi et al (2012) and Fam et al (2013). The increased presence of plasmid mediated AmpC βlactamases worldwide is becoming of great concern (Jacoby, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic detection of -lactams resistance in Klebsiella species from Egyptian hospitals revealed carbapenem resistance by OXA and NDM genes

El-Ganiny¹,

El-Mahdy²,

EL-Latif³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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The β-lactams are frequently used antibiotics and are essential in treatment of serious bacterial infections. The emergence of β-lactamases has been an ongoing serious therapeutic problem. To overcome this problem, scientists utilized several β-lactamases inhibitors such as clavulanic acid and tazobactam that are used in combination with antibiotics. However, pathogenic bacteria have acquired additional mechanisms of resistance such as the acquisition of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases that cannot be inhibited by current inhibitors. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has become an international health threat. In the present work, 100 clinical Klebsiella strains were isolated, identified, and their antibiotic profiles were determined by the disc diffusion method. β-lactam resistance was evaluated using phenotypic and genotypic methods. More than 50% of the Klebsiella isolates exhibited resistance to tetracyclin, ceftriaxone, (pipracillin/tazobactam), azetreonam, ofloxacin, cefepime and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Klebsiella isolates were less resistant to gentamicin (32.4%) and amikacin (14.7%). Few isolates were resistant to meropenem and imipenem (6.86%). Among the 100 clinical isolates, 50% were ESBL producers and 32% were AmpC producers. The 7 imipenem resistant isolates were carbapenemase producers. PCR showed that carbapenem resistance may be due to NDM gene that was present in 43% of the isolates and OXA gene that was found in 28% of the isolates. KPC genes were not detected in any of the isolates. Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem that poses a major threat to therapeutic efficacy of available antibiotics, including carbapenem. Determination of causes of resistance is essential for better treatment options.

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Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated ampC Genes in Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from Cairo, Egypt

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Plasmid Mediated AmpCβ-Lactamases amongEscherichia coli,Klebsiellaspp., andProteus mirabilisIsolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Egyptian Hospitals

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Plasmid Mediated AmpCβ-Lactamases amongEscherichia coli,Klebsiellaspp., andProteus mirabilisIsolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Egyptian Hospitals

Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from healthy broilers in Egypt: emergence of colistin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli

Phenotypic and genotypic detection of -lactams resistance in Klebsiella species from Egyptian hospitals revealed carbapenem resistance by OXA and NDM genes

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