Prevalence of phocine distemper virus specific antibodies: bracing for the next seal epizootic in north-western Europe

Bodewes, Rogier; Morick, Danny; Bildt, Marco Wg van de; Osinga, Nynke; García, Ana Rubio; Contreras, Guillermo J. Sánchez; Smits, Saskia L.; Reperant, Leslie A.; Kuiken, Thijs; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.

doi:10.1038/emi.2013.2

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Tested samples were collected from wild (n=16) and rehabilitated (n=71) harbor seals or were of unknown origin (n=7) and seals were divided into age groups as described previously [45]. No other seals were rehabilitated in the past few years with signs similar to those of seal 12-410, and severe (parasitic) bronchopneumonia was the main suspected cause of death (68%) of the seals that were screened for the presence of Seal parvovirus DNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel B19-Like Parvovirus in the Brain of a Harbor Seal

Bodewes

García²,

Wiersma

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Using random PCR in combination with next-generation sequencing, a novel parvovirus was detected in the brain of a young harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) with chronic non-suppurative meningo-encephalitis that was rehabilitated at the Seal Rehabilitation and Research Centre (SRRC) in the Netherlands. In addition, two novel viruses belonging to the family Anelloviridae were detected in the lungs of this animal. Phylogenetic analysis of the coding sequence of the novel parvovirus, tentatively called Seal parvovirus, indicated that this virus belonged to the genus Erythrovirus, to which human parvovirus B19 also belongs. Although no other seals with similar signs were rehabilitated in SRRC in recent years, a prevalence study of tissues of seals from the same area collected in the period 2008-2012 indicated that the Seal parvovirus has circulated in the harbor seal population at least since 2008. The presence of the Seal parvovirus in the brain was confirmed by real-time PCR and in vitro replication. Using in situ hybridization, we showed for the first time that a parvovirus of the genus Erythrovirus was present in the Virchow-Robin space and in cerebral parenchyma adjacent to the meninges. These findings showed that a parvovirus of the genus Erythrovirus can be involved in central nervous system infection and inflammation, as has also been suspected but not proven for human parvovirus B19 infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel B19-Like Parvovirus in the Brain of a Harbor Seal

Bodewes

García²,

Wiersma

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…In the case of procellariiforms-as well as in most long-lived colonial marine vertebrates, for instance-the maintenance of relatively high antibody levels should help adults deal with reexposure to parasites during subsequent breeding attempts (Staszewski et al 2007b;Bodewes et al 2013). Evidence of a protective (beneficial) role of maternal antibodies is clear from studies in humans and domesticated animals (e.g., Reynolds and Maraqa 2000), but much less information is available in natural host-parasite settings (Boulinier and Staszewski 2008;Hasselquist and Nilsson 2009).…”

Section: Transgenerational Immunization Of Slow-growing Offspringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet very little is known about the dynamics of the immune response in natural populations of wild long-lived vertebrates (Staszewski et al 2007b;Miller and OleaPopelka 2009;Root et al 2010;Rossi et al 2011;Bodewes et al 2013). Most studies so far have focused on humans, livestock and poultry species, model laboratory animals, and relatively fast-living species (Feuer et al 1999;Frank 2002;Beal et al 2004;Bunikis et al 2004;Gibbs et al 2005;Kuenzi et al 2005;Henning et al 2006;Amanna et al 2007;Tizard 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Antibody Persistence and Transgenerational Transfer of Immunity in a Long-Lived Vertebrate

Ramos

Garnier

González‐Solís

et al. 2014

The American Naturalist

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. abstract: Although little studied in natural populations, the persistence of immunoglobulins may dramatically affect the dynamics of immunity and the ecology and evolution of host-pathogen interactions involving vertebrate hosts. By means of a multiple-year vaccination design against Newcastle disease virus, we experimentally addressed whether levels of specific antibodies can persist over several years in females of a long-lived procellariiform seabird-Cory's shearwater-and whether maternal antibodies against that antigen could persist over a long period in offspring several years after the mother was exposed. We found that a single vaccination led to high levels of antibodies for several years and that the females transmitted antibodies to their offspring that persisted for several weeks after hatching even 5 years after a single vaccination. The temporal persistence of maternally transferred antibodies in nestlings was highly dependent on the level at hatching. A second vaccination boosted efficiently the level of antibodies in females and thus their transfer to offspring. Overall, these results stress the need to consider the temporal dynamics of immune responses if we are to understand the evolutionary ecology of host-parasite interactions and trade-offs between immunity and other life-history characteristics, in particular in long-lived species. They also have strong implications for conservation when vaccination may be used in natural populations facing disease threats.

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“…The rate of infection is dependent upon the frequency with which susceptible individuals come into contact with uninfected individuals. For example, elucidation of dispersal and social interactions may be important for predicting transmission of the phocine distemper virus epidemics across harbor seal populations (Phoca vitulina) in north-western Europe (Bodewes et al, 2013).…”

Section: Dispersal In Fragmented Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Mammal Behavior: A Review of Conservation Implications

Brakes

Dall

2016

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The three orders which comprise the extant marine mammals exhibit a wide range of behaviors, varying social structures, and differences in social information use. Human impacts on marine mammals and their environments are ubiquitous; from chemical and noise pollution, to marine debris, prey depletion, and ocean acidification. As a result, no marine mammal populations remain entirely unaffected by human activities. Conservation may be hindered by an inadequate understanding of the behavioral ecology of some of these species. As a result of social structure, social information use, culture, and even behavioral syndromes, marine mammal social groups, and populations can be behaviorally heterogeneous. As a result responses to conservation initiatives, or exploitation, may be complex to predict. Previous commentators have highlighted the importance of incorporating behavioral data into conservation management and we review these considerations in light of the emerging science in this field for marine mammals. Since behavioral canalization may lead to vulnerability, whereas behavioral plasticity may provide opportunity for resilience, we argue that for many of these socially complex, cognitive species understanding their behavioral ecology, capacity for social learning, and individual behavioral variation, may be a central tenant for their successful conservation.

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Prevalence of phocine distemper virus specific antibodies: bracing for the next seal epizootic in north-western Europe

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Novel B19-Like Parvovirus in the Brain of a Harbor Seal

Novel B19-Like Parvovirus in the Brain of a Harbor Seal

Long Antibody Persistence and Transgenerational Transfer of Immunity in a Long-Lived Vertebrate

Marine Mammal Behavior: A Review of Conservation Implications

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