Prevalence of Pertussis Antibodies in Maternal Blood, Cord Serum, and Infants From Mothers With and Those Without Tdap Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy in Argentina

Fallo, Aurelia; Neyro, Silvina; Manonelles, G.; Lara, Claudia; Hozbor, Daniela Flavia; Zintgraff, Jonathan; Mazzeo, Silvina; Davison, Héctor E; González, Susana; Zapulla, Estella; Canle, Oscar; Huespe, M; Galas, Marcelo; López, Eduardo

doi:10.1093/jpids/piw069

Cited by 22 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the pre-vaccine era, 30-50% of pregnant women had circulating antibodies against pertussis 11 . However, in the post-vaccine era, studies carried out on women vaccinated in childhood showed low levels of pertussis antibodies in both mothers and newborns [12][13][14][15][16] .…”

Section: I P H T H E R I a -T E T A N U S -P E R T U S S I S ( D T mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low pertussis antibody levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples in Turkey

Türkoğlu¹,

Sönmez²,

Özer

et al. 2016

Turk J Pediatr

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Pertussis continues to cause significant mortality and morbidity in many countries despite high vaccine coverage, especially among young infants. The aim of the study was to determine pertussis antibody levels in paired maternal and cord blood samples, to evaluate the placental transfer of these antibodies, and to assess whether newborn infants have adequate antibody levels against pertussis. Antibody titers to pertussis toxin (anti-PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (anti-FHA) were measured by in-house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 251 paired maternal delivery and cord blood samples. Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of pertussis antibodies and cord:maternal GMC ratios were calculated. GMCs of maternal anti-PT and anti-FHA antibodies at delivery were 4.12 and 9.89 EU/ml, respectively. Cord GMCs were 133% and 131% of maternal delivery values for PT and FHA, respectively; demonstrating effective placental transfer. However, cord pertussis antibodies were at a low concentration; 5.49 EU/ml for PT and 12.73 EU/ml for FHA. Only 34.6% of infants had protective anti-PT levels (≥10 EU/ml) at birth. Anti-pertussis antibody concentrations were extremely low in pregnant women in Turkey where childhood pertussis vaccination coverage has been high for a long time. Despite effective placental antibody transfer, umbilical cord pertussis antibody concentrations are similarly low. A majority of young infants are vulnerable to pertussis infection until the onset of primary vaccinations. These data support the need for pertussis vaccination during pregnancy to prevent infant infection in Turkey.

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Section: I P H T H E R I a -T E T A N U S -P E R T U S S I S ( D T mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low pertussis antibody levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples in Turkey

Türkoğlu¹,

Sönmez²,

Özer

et al. 2016

Turk J Pediatr

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“…Villarreal-Pérez et al demonstrated a higher concentration of IgG anti-PT in the umbilical cord than in the mother's blood (4.3% versus 1.4%) (21). Fallo et al also revealed a ratio equal to 1.18 for the cord blood IgG-PT GMC compared with the maternal level (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence of Pertussis Antibodies in Maternal and Cord Blood Sample of Their Newborns

Ghotbizadeh

Nayeh

Fahimzad

et al. 2018

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Background: Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease that affects infants and adults around the world despite high vaccination coverage. Objectives: The present study was preformed to assess pertussis seroprevalence in maternal serum and cord blood after delivery. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive analytical study was carried out in a single urban hospital (Tehran-Iran), during years 2015 and 2016. The target population included term-healthy neonates with their mothers. Immediately after birth, mother's blood was tested for PT IgG, FHA IgG, FHA IgA, and PT IgA, and umbilical cord blood was tested for PT IgG and FHA IgG by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Potentially protective antibody levels were evaluated. Results: Eighty-eight parturient mother-neonate pairs entered the study. Seventy-two mothers (81.8%) had childhood vaccination yet with regards to negative PT IgA and FHA IgA (90.9% and 95.5%), more than 90% of them did not show antibodies related to acute pertussis infection. According to the cutoff, PT IgG in 33%, 13.6%, and 53.4% was negative, equivocal, and positive, respectively. Based on the cord blood PT-IgG concentration, 61.4% of newborns were also unprotected against B. pertussis. A significant positive correlation was observed between mother and neonate's FHA IgG (P value < 0.001, r = 0.66). This correlation, with regards to PT IgG, was also significant (P value < 0.001, r = 0.53). The geometric mean titer for FHA IgG in cord blood was 1.72 times higher than in mother's blood (P value of < 0.001). On the other hand, geometric mean titer for PT IgG in maternal blood was 3 folds higher than in cord blood (P value < 0.001). No correlations were found between the level of antibody and maternal age, parity, gestational age or neonate's birth weight (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a low level of immunity against B. pertussis in pregnant females, which may increase the risk of pertussis in very young infants. Implementing strategies, such as Tdap vaccination during the antenatal period, seems to be of great importance.

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“…Most pertussis studies describe humoral responses, before [39] and after the implementation of maternal vaccination [40,41], evaluating immunoglobulin levels produced by mothers and transferred to newborns, in countries using aP vaccines in children, unlike Brazil. A paper in Argentina describes the use of DTwP in children in the country; however, the study shows only the influence of maternal antibodies on the humoral responses of children before DTwP vaccination [41]. Despite the limitations, we evidenced cellular immune response in the context of pertussis vaccination, which is shown to be important for protection [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational pertussis vaccination and the infant’s cellular immune response against whole-cell pertussis vaccine in the first year of life

Correia

Vaz-de-Lima

Uehara

et al. 2019

Preprint

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25Pertussis resurgence worldwide calls for new prevention strategies, as the recently 26 incorporated vaccine booster dose during pregnancy, whose aim is to protect newborns 27 from infection. In Brazil, maternal Tdap vaccination is recommended since 2014, and we 28 reported that this strategy promotes high transplacental transfer of anti-PT IgG and it is 29 effective in protecting infants early in life. Young children are the most susceptible group 30 and with higher mortality rates, however, it is not well known whether the elicited anti-31 pertussis maternal antibodies could influence in the children's immune responses further 32 in life, especially after their own vaccination against pertussis. Considering this scenario, 33 we conducted a study with children born to mothers who either received or not the booster 34 dose during pregnancy, after their primary pertussis vaccination, in order to investigate 35 the first impact of maternal immunisation on the response to infant immunisation 36 regarding the cellular immune response, while comparing with data from the literature. 37As transfer of maternal antibodies could result in attenuation of the immune response to 38 vaccination in infants, this study performed to determine whether higher levels of 39 maternal antibodies could influence in the immune response of infants to the whole-40 pertussis vaccination series. Results showed no difference in cytokine production 41 between groups, a first suggestion that maternal vaccination may not interfere with 42 recognition and cellular response generation to vaccination. This data, together with 43 humoral immunity and epidemiological studies, is important for the implementation of 44 maternal immunisation strategies nationwide and will contribute to assure public policies 45 regarding vaccination schemes. 46 47 Importance: Pertussis, or whopping cough, is a respiratory infectious disease caused by 48 a bacterial agent, resulting in violent coughs and possibly death in vulnerable groups, 49 3 such as young children and neonates. It is known that pregnant mothers transfer 50 antibodies to their developing foetuses for protection in early life, however anti-pertussis 51 antibodies are not highly detected in young children. Thus, a pertussis maternal 52 vaccination was implemented to increase maternal anti-pertussis antibodies levels in 53 pregnant women and therefore the transference to the foetus. However, maternal 54 antibodies can also interfere in the child immune response in the first months of life. The 55 significance of our research is in analysing the cellular immune response of children born 56 from pertussis-vaccinated mothers, which will give a first glimpse on how maternal 57 antibodies could modulate the child's response to pertussis in early life. 58 59 Introduction 60 Pertussis is a contagious respiratory disease caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacteria 61 [1]. Despite high vaccination coverage, it remains an important public health problem, re-62 emerging in several countries every several yea...

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Prevalence of Pertussis Antibodies in Maternal Blood, Cord Serum, and Infants From Mothers With and Those Without Tdap Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy in Argentina

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Low pertussis antibody levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples in Turkey

Low pertussis antibody levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples in Turkey

Seroprevalence of Pertussis Antibodies in Maternal and Cord Blood Sample of Their Newborns

Gestational pertussis vaccination and the infant’s cellular immune response against whole-cell pertussis vaccine in the first year of life

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