Prevalence of permanent anterior tooth fracture due to trauma in South Indian population

Abstract

Aim:The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of permanent anterior teeth fracture due to trauma in South Indian population. Materials and Methods: After formal consent, study was conducted on 2000 patients reporting for treatment in A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences and Rural Satellite Centers from June to December 2013. They were examined under good illumination using sterilized mouth mirror, explorer and cotton rolls. Results were evaluated using Pearson Chi-square test. Results: Of 2000 patients, overall prevalence of anterior teeth fracture due to trauma was 14.85%, 53.9% cases were noticed in the age group of 15-30 years, 20.2% cases in an age group of 12-15 years. Of 14.85% (297) cases, 53.9% males and 46.1% females had anterior teeth fracture, 88.67% cases were with respect to maxillary arch and 11.33% cases were with respect to mandibular arch. 43.9% patients had enamel and dentin fracture, only enamel fracture was seen in 31.6% patients and the least was 6.01% which showed displacement of tooth without crown or root fracture, 67% were because of falls and rest of the 33% of patients had anterior tooth fracture because of violence, sports and traffic accidents, 71.42% cases had fracture with maxillary central incisor. Furthermore, 59.6% cases were seen with Class II Division I malocclusion. Conclusions: In the present study we noticed that fall was the most frequent cause and are seen more in males with an increased prevalence in 15-30 years of age. Furthermore, fracture of maxillary central incisor was most common and among all, fractures involving enamel and dentin were most common.

Traumatized anterior teeth in Southwest coastal population of India

“…[13] The maxillary right central incisor was the most affected tooth (4.4%) followed by the maxillary left central incisor (4.2%). This is in accordance with the findings of Hegde and Shabin and Dosdoğru et al [1,14] El-Kenany et al in their study also suggest biting and teeth misuse and home abuse as possible causes of tooth fracture. [15] Single tooth fractures (4.9%) were frequently reported followed by fracture of two teeth (3.2%) and three teeth (0.8%).…”

“…[11] Maximum prevalence of fracture was reported in the age group of 20-30 years (42.7%) followed by age group of 30-40 years (23.6%). These results differ from the results of the study conducted by Hegde and Sajnani [7] where maximum prevalence of traumatized anterior teeth was seen in the age group of 15-30 years followed by the age group of <15 years. In a study done by Gupta et al, a prevalence of 60.74% in the age group of 11-14 years and 39.26% in 8-10 years was recorded.…”

“…In a study conducted by Hegde and Sajnani, in the same geographical location in 2013, the overall prevalence was found to be 14.85% in 2000 patients. [7] Lower prevalence detected in our study may be due to smaller study population or due to the fact that a proportion of the injured have not presented for care in the hospital. The rural population showed statistically significant higher prevalence of traumatized anterior teeth than urban population, that is 53.9%, where P > 0.05 which is statistically insignificant.…”

“…This is similar to the findings of Hegde and Sajnani in the same population. [7] Studies have shown that males experienced traumatic dental injuries at least twice as often as females. This could be attributed to a greater participation of boys in contact sports and car accidents.…”

“…It is a phenomenon with no definite etiology, associated with factors such as oral environment and human behavior. [1] In permanent dentition, they are frequently seen as enamel fractures and enamel and dentine fractures. [2] In primary dentition, the greatest incidence of trauma occurs at 2-3 years of age.…”