Prevalence of periodontal pathogens in localized and generalized forms of early‐onset periodontitis

Abstract

The primary objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of 8 putative periodontal pathogens in subjects with early-onset periodontitis (EOP) and to evaluate the microbial differences between localized and generalized forms of this periodontal disease condition. Thirty-one females and 11 males with a mean age of 30.3 (s.d. 4.0) years were examined. Seventeen subjects had generalized (GEOP) and 25 had localized early-onset periodontitis (LEOP). Subgingival plaque samples were assayed using PCR which provided subject prevalence data for the pathogens; Bacteroides forsythus 78.6%, Treponema denticola 88.1%, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 19.0%, Porphyromonas gingivalis 16.7%, Prevotella intermedia 40.4%, Prevotella nigrescens 61.9%, Eikenella corrodens 42.3% and Campylobacter rectus 92.8%. Only 3 healthy sites harbored one or more of these periodontal pathogens. Seven of the 8 subjects positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans had LEOP. P. intermedia was present in 58.8% of GEOP compared with 28% of LEOP subjects (p=0.046). At 82.4% of GEOP sites P. nigrescens was present while this bacteria was detected at 52% of LEOP (p=0.044). P. gingivalis was isolated from 22.6% of females but no male subjects (p=0.084). C. rectus was recovered from all female subjects compared to 72.7% of males (p=0.014). A. actinomycetemcomitans (37.5%) and C. rectus (86.5%) were more frequently identified in non-smokers compared to 7.6% and 68.8% of smokers, respectively (p <0.05). Microbial associations coincided with the clinical division of the cases into LEOP and GEOP in 83% of the subjects.

Microflora subgingival en periodontitis crónica y agresiva en Bogotá, Colombia: un acercamiento epidemiológico

“…En Grecia (49), por el contrario, se observó que P. gingivalis era la bacteria más frecuentemente aislada de pacientes con periodontitis agresiva y A. actinomycetemcomitans demostró una prevalencia relativamente baja. En nuestro estudio el resultado fue similar, ya que se encontró mayor frecuencia de P. gingivalis que de A. actinomy-cetemcomitans en periodontitis agresiva, lo que coincide con lo reportado en China (3), Japón (25), Kenia (30) y Reino Unido (50). En Sur América, Cortelli (33) en Brasil y Gajardo (35) y López (37) en Chile reportaron que P. gingivalis era el microorganismo más frecuente tanto en periodontitis crónica como en periodontitis agresiva.…”

Lesion Formation and Antibody Response Induced by Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis-Associated Spirochetes in a Murine Abscess Model

“…A. actinomycetemcomitans has been observed in the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis but never in the presence of P. intermedia/P. nigrescens in early-onset periodontitis (22).…”

Detection of pathogens from periodontal lesions

“…These studies have also shown PCR sensitivity and the specificity in comparison to traditional bacterial culture. 8,16 *Sensibility (positive-true) = (Number of positive samples by PCR and culture/Number of positive samples by culture) x 100 **Specificity (negative-true) = (Number of negative samples by PCR and culture/Number of negative samples by culture) x 100 VMGA: Viability maintaining microbiostatic medium In the present study, primers AA and FU had higher sensitivity for detecting A. actinomycetemcomitans but primers ASH had higher specificity (Table 3). On the other hand, when compared to culture for detecting A. actinomycetemcomitans, primers AA and FU showed similarly sensitivity (100%), which confirms their specificity.…”