Prevalence of perceived stigma and associated factors among primary caregivers of children and adolescents with mental illness, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

Minichil, Woredaw; Getinet, Wondale; Kassew, Tilahun

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261297

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

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Psychometric evaluation and adaptation of the stigma affiliation scale into the Indonesian language in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients

Kurnianingsih,

Lumbantoruan,

Afriandi

et al. 2024

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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Introduction The Stigma Affiliation Scale (ASS) is an instrument to assess affiliation stigma used widely worldwide. This study aims to adapt the ASS to the Indonesian language and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ASS among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted of 94 schizophrenia patients’ family caregivers in communities, i.e., an items analysis, construct validity using the known-group method, and internal consistency reliability. Results The consistency between items and overall scores using Pearson product-moment correlation shows that all the items had Pearson’s coefficient correlation ≥ 0.300, indicating good and acceptable discriminant power. The construct validity using the Mann–Whitney U test comparing the ASS scores between the primary caregivers and other family members of schizophrenic patients showed higher scores in the primary caregivers than the other family members in the three domains (p < 0.0001), indicating excellent construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.80–0.89 and above 0.90, which indicate good and excellent reliability, respectively. Conclusion The Indonesian version of ASS shows good psychometric properties among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in Indonesia.

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Psychometric evaluation and adaptation of the stigma affiliation scale into the Indonesian language in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients

Kurnianingsih,

Lumbantoruan,

Afriandi

et al. 2024

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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Affiliate stigma and caring burden among primary caregivers of adult patients with severe mental illness: a facility-based cross-sectional study

Handebo,

Kassim,

Alemayehu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Although caregivers play an important role in the treatment and recovery of various patients, several studies showed that primary caregivers of adults with severe mental illness (AWSMI) experience widespread stigma and have a high burden. However, there are limited studies in developing countries that assessed stigma and burden among primary caregivers of AWSMI. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess affiliate stigma and caring burden among caregivers of AWSMI at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College(SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was applied. A total of 375 caregivers of AWSMI were recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected usinga systematic random sampling method. The collected data includes tools and structured questionnaires including the family stigma scale, attitude toward mental illness questionnaire, family burden interview, Oslo 3-items social support scale, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the caregivers and the patients, and burden of caregivers. Descriptive and binary logistic regression were performed to analyze the data. Results: Caregivers (n =375) of patients with bipolar disorder (n = 50), anxiety disorders (n= 82), MDDs (n =103) and schizophrenia (n = 140) participated in the study, with a response rate of 95.7%. Half of the participants (187) were female. The results showed that around half (54.9%) of the caregivers experienced or perceived stigma. The factors that were associated with stigma among caregivers were caregiving patients with schizophrenia (AOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 0.86, 4.2; p = 0.003), attitude towards people with mental illness (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.4; p = 0.005), social support (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.82; p = 0.006), patient history of psychiatric admission (AOR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.57; p < 0.0001) and superstitious belief (AOR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.52; p < 0.0001). The findings also illustrated that a large proportion of caregivers (89%) had moderate to severe burden. Conclusions: Overall, the current findings showed that stigma and burden among caregivers of AWSMI are high, indicating the urgent need to provide interventions such as psycho-education and contextualized support for caregivers and improving public’s awareness about mental illness. Furthermore, types of illness, social support, attitude towards people with mental illness, patient history of psychiatric admission and superstitious beliefs are important determinants of stigma.

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Prevalence and associated factors of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest, Ethiopia, 2023: a cross‑sectional study

Yenealem,

Nenko,

Nakie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Malnutrition remains one of the most significant child health problems in developing countries, accounting for an estimated 53% of child deaths per year. Depression is the leading cause of disease-related disability in women and adversely affects the health and well-being of mothers and their children. Studies have shown that maternal depression has an impact on infant growth and nutritional status. Evidence is scarce regarding the relationship between maternal depression and child malnutrition. Objectives To assess the prevalence and associated factors of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition in Comprehensive Specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 465 mothers in the hospital. Data were collected by reviewing the patient chart and using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Outcome variables were assessed by using a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Then it was entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 computer software. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with maternal depression. The presence of an association was presented by an adjusted odds ratio considering a 95% confidence interval and a p-value < 0.05. Result The prevalence of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition was found to be 36.4% (95% CI: 32–41%). In the multivariable analysis, Lack of maternal education (AOR = 2.872, 95% CI = 1.502–5.492), being unemployed (AOR = 2.581, 95% CI = 1.497–4.451), poor social support (AOR = 2.209, 95% = 1.314–3.713), perceived stigma (AOR = 2.243, 95% CI = 1.414–3.560), and stunting (AOR = 1.913, 95% CI = 1.129–3.241) were factors significantly associated with maternal depression. Conclusion The overall prevalence of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition was high which was associated with a lack of education, being unemployed, having poor social support, high perceived stigma, and stunting physical growth in children with undernutrition. Therefore, to control the high magnitude of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutration interventions like increasing the level of maternal education and employment status, strengthening social support, and reduction of stigma are required.

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Prevalence of perceived stigma and associated factors among primary caregivers of children and adolescents with mental illness, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Psychometric evaluation and adaptation of the stigma affiliation scale into the Indonesian language in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients

Psychometric evaluation and adaptation of the stigma affiliation scale into the Indonesian language in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia patients

Affiliate stigma and caring burden among primary caregivers of adult patients with severe mental illness: a facility-based cross-sectional study

Prevalence and associated factors of maternal depression among mothers of children with undernutrition at comprehensive specialized hospitals in northwest, Ethiopia, 2023: a cross‑sectional study

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