Prevalence of pain at the head, face and neck and its association with quality of life in general population of Piracicaba city, Sao Paulo: an epidemiological study
Abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Head, face and neck pain affects a large portion of the world population, however there are few studies reporting this condition in general Brazilian population. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of head, face and neck pain and its impact on the quality of life of adults of Piracicaba city, São Paulo.
METHODS:The sample was made up of 400 volunteers of both genders, aged between 20 and 50 years, who were randomly approached in six crossing points of the city. Socio-demo… Show more
“…T he f i ndi ngs of t h is st udy i ndicate t he administration of PA associated with codeine reduces the orofacial nociceptive response induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate, which are recognized as relevant substances for the study of new antinociceptive drugs. 24 Although some studies have shown antinociceptive effect of PA or essential oils with high concentrations of this molecule, 25,26 this is the first study to report orofacial antinociceptive activity for the association of PA with codeine, a drug used to treat orofacial pain, especially in acute situations. The proposed association of PA with codeine aims to make it possible to decrease the amount of opioid analgesic administered, minimizing possible undesirable effects.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…32 PA alone and associated with codeine reduced orofacial nociception induced by capsaicin, but the drug combination did not show synergistic activity, which is observed when the effect promoted by a drug combination is superior to the activity promoted by isolated substances. 24 Capsaicin-induced nociception involved the participation of TRPV1. 33 This information supports the finding obtained in the docking analysis, which showed affinity of PA for this receptor.…”
This study evaluated the orofacial antinociceptive effect of (S)-(-)-perillyl alcohol (PA) associated with codeine (C) and investigated the possible molecular anchorage mechanisms of PA. Mice (n = 5 per group) were treated with PA alone and associated with codeine and assigned to the following groups: 75.0 mg/kg PA; 75.0 mg/kg PA + C 30 mg/kg; PA 37.5 mg/kg + C 15.0 mg/kg; C 30.0 mg/kg; and control. Nociception was induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate, and was quantified based on the duration (in seconds) of face grooming. The possible mechanisms of action were evaluated by molecular docking study. In the formalin test, PA75/C30 presented an effect in the neurogenic (p < 0.0001) and inflammatory (p < 0.005) phases. Mice treated with PA75 (p < 0.0001) and PA75/C30 (p < 0.0005) showed a reduced nociceptive behavior in the capsaicin test. Glutamate-induced nociception also was blocked by PA75 (p < 0.0005) and C30 (p < 0.0005). The molecular anchorage analysis indicated high negative binding energy values for the evaluated receptors, especially glutamate receptors (AMPA -79.57 Kcal/mol, mGLUR6 -71.25, and NMDA -66.33 Kcal/mol). PA associated with codeine showed orofacial antinociceptive activity, with theoretical evidence of interaction with glutamate receptors.
“…T he f i ndi ngs of t h is st udy i ndicate t he administration of PA associated with codeine reduces the orofacial nociceptive response induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate, which are recognized as relevant substances for the study of new antinociceptive drugs. 24 Although some studies have shown antinociceptive effect of PA or essential oils with high concentrations of this molecule, 25,26 this is the first study to report orofacial antinociceptive activity for the association of PA with codeine, a drug used to treat orofacial pain, especially in acute situations. The proposed association of PA with codeine aims to make it possible to decrease the amount of opioid analgesic administered, minimizing possible undesirable effects.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…32 PA alone and associated with codeine reduced orofacial nociception induced by capsaicin, but the drug combination did not show synergistic activity, which is observed when the effect promoted by a drug combination is superior to the activity promoted by isolated substances. 24 Capsaicin-induced nociception involved the participation of TRPV1. 33 This information supports the finding obtained in the docking analysis, which showed affinity of PA for this receptor.…”
This study evaluated the orofacial antinociceptive effect of (S)-(-)-perillyl alcohol (PA) associated with codeine (C) and investigated the possible molecular anchorage mechanisms of PA. Mice (n = 5 per group) were treated with PA alone and associated with codeine and assigned to the following groups: 75.0 mg/kg PA; 75.0 mg/kg PA + C 30 mg/kg; PA 37.5 mg/kg + C 15.0 mg/kg; C 30.0 mg/kg; and control. Nociception was induced by formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate, and was quantified based on the duration (in seconds) of face grooming. The possible mechanisms of action were evaluated by molecular docking study. In the formalin test, PA75/C30 presented an effect in the neurogenic (p < 0.0001) and inflammatory (p < 0.005) phases. Mice treated with PA75 (p < 0.0001) and PA75/C30 (p < 0.0005) showed a reduced nociceptive behavior in the capsaicin test. Glutamate-induced nociception also was blocked by PA75 (p < 0.0005) and C30 (p < 0.0005). The molecular anchorage analysis indicated high negative binding energy values for the evaluated receptors, especially glutamate receptors (AMPA -79.57 Kcal/mol, mGLUR6 -71.25, and NMDA -66.33 Kcal/mol). PA associated with codeine showed orofacial antinociceptive activity, with theoretical evidence of interaction with glutamate receptors.
“…Based on the selected theme, it is possible to note the practical relevance, since pain of dental origin interferes in the quality of life of the patients, since it causes social and professional damages such as sleep disturbances, physical and emotional fatigue, loss of social contact, food, limitation of daily activities, and absenteeism at work 23 .…”
Introduction: Currently, the scientific and technological development has modified several areas of knowledge, including the health sciences. One such technology are the Serious Games, which are educational games that focus on specific and intentional learning to achieve efective, measurable, and continuous changes in performance and behavior. Ideally, students should receive enough training during dental school to have the skills necessary to make a correct diagnosis, and perform an effective and safe treatment. The authors believe that serious games can be applied in Endodontics, more specifically in emergency care. This study had the objective of developing and validating scientific (Endodontics) and pedagogically a quiz-type serious game within the theme "Endodontic Emergencies". Materials and Methods: The items on "Endodontic Emergencies" were validated by three endodontists (scientific validation) and performed with the support of the Pedagogical Center of the Open University of the Unified Health System (pedagogica l validation). Results: Sixty evaluative items on the theme were elaborated and validated based on textbooks and scientific publications in Endodontics. The game has several motivational tools and strategies. The game also has moving characters so it is vi sually dynamic. Conclusion: The game was developed within the theme "Endodontic Emergencies" and its questions were validated for content (scientific validation) and pedagogically. The game is freely available as an application for the iOS system. From thi s initiative, the serious games learning approach is expected to be applied in a larger scale, since its spreading potential and social impact have been emphasized.
“…Chronic pain has been demonstrated to influence the quality of life as it can disturb sleep and lead to physical and emotional fatigue, loss of social contacts, difficulty in performing activities of daily living, and absenteeism [17]. Patients with CNP show impaired quality of life, which affects not only physical but also mental health [18,19].…”
Introduction. Perception of pain can be influenced by biological, cognitive, and psychological factors in chronic pain conditions. Racial/ethnic disparity has been reported in the prevalence, severity, and outcome of pain. The study aim was to compare pain intensity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and self-efficacy in chronic neck pain (CNP) subjects of different ethnic groups. Methods. overall, 64 subjects with CNP were recruited and allocated into 3 groups: Malay (21), Chinese ( 23), and indian (20). Baseline data were collected with the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). A comparative research design served to compare pain intensity, HRQoL, and self-efficacy in the CNP subjects of the different ethnic groups. Results. in NRS, the Chinese group reported higher pain intensity in categories of least pain intensity and average pain intensity. PSEQ data on current pain intensity and worst pain intensity showed high ratings of both categories in the Malay and indian groups. The indian group exhibited more pain relief seeking behaviour than the Malay group (40.52 ± 9.85). in SF-36, the p-value for mental health was 0.19, which suggests low mental health, i.e., higher catastrophization when dealing with chronic pain. Conclusions. Significant ethnic differences were reported in the parameters of pain perception, HRQoL, and self-efficacy among the Chinese, Malay, and indian groups. Pain perception and duration play a minor role in perceived HRQoL, whereas pain perception relates more to the outcome of perceived disability.
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