Prevalence of oral tori and exostosis in Malaysian population – A cross-sectional study

Singh, Ashish Kumar; Ramachandra, Srinivas Sulugodu; Arora, Shelly; Dicksit, Daniel Devaprakash; Kalyan, CG; Singh, Priyanshi

doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.08.008

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The occurrence of BE and TM was significantly different between sexes in some groups (Supplementary Digital Content Table 4, http://links.lww.com/SCS/E461), which are similar findings to many other studies 23–25. These differences may be due to the different effects applied by the same living environment on sex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence of Oral Exostoses in Northern China During the Past Six Millennia—From a Sex and Age Perspective

Kang

Chen

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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This study is intended to investigate oral exostoses of 5 sample populations, spanning over 6000 years, from the same region of Northern China, to determine the significance of sex and age on the development of oral exostoses during each time period. The samples analyzed were 306 dry jaws from human skeletons, which were excavated from 4 archeological sites: Banpo (6700–5600 y BP), Shaolingyuan (3000 y BP), Shanren (2200 y BP), and Chang’an (1000–1300 y BP), as well as the modern Xi’an district. The sex and the age of the samples at death were estimated. The degree of buccal exostosis (BE), torus mandibularis (TM), and torus palatinus (TP) and the TP shape were recorded. The results showed BEs in the Banpo and Chang’an regions, TMs in the Banpo region were more often diagnosed in males than in females. Conversely, females in Shaolingyuan showed a higher prevalence and severity of TM than that in males. The occurrence of BEs in the Shanren and Xi’an regions, TMs in the Banpo, Chang’an, and Xi’an regions, as well as TPs in the Banpo region significantly increased with age at death. In conclusion, sex differences and increasing trends with age in relation to oral exostoses were found in samples from Northern China during the past six millennia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Prevalence of Oral Exostoses in Northern China During the Past Six Millennia—From a Sex and Age Perspective

Kang

Chen

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Several studies have reported a prevalence of bony exostosis in the oral cavity, including mandibular and palatal torus, and buccal exostosis, between 12 and 33% [ 11 – 13 ]. In particular, there is a higher incidence of MT among East Asians, Eskimoans, Mongolians, and Japanese; white people have a higher incidence than black people, demonstrating a large racial difference [ 14 – 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between mandibular torus and types of temporomandibular disorders, and the clinical usefulness of temporary splint for checking bruxism

et al. 2021

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Background Occlusal stress from oral parafunctional habits is one of the causes of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and mandibular torus (MT). Although some studies have investigated the correlation between TMD and MT, understanding of the relationships between types of TMD and MT is insufficient. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the associations between presence of MT and TMD types. Methods This study included 77 patients diagnosed with TMD who first visited our clinic for TMD between March 2019 and July 2020. Among them, 30 (38.9%) had MT, and 54 (70.1%) had oral parafunction. Parafunctional activity during sleep was confirmed using a temporary splint for checking bruxism (TSCB). Results The relationship between prevalence of MT and oral parafunction in TMD patients was not statistically significant (P = 0.131), but the odds ratio was relatively high at 2.267. An analysis of TMD type revealed that Type I, which is classified as myalgia of the masticatory muscles, and MT had a significant association (P = 0.011). We fabricated a TSCB for 27 patients to wear during sleep and confirmed that 23 (85.2%) had nocturnal bruxism. The TSCB results and presence of MT showed a significant relationship (P = 0.047). Conclusion Through the results of this study, clinicians may consider the hyperactivity of masticatory muscles in the presence of MT when treating TMD patients. In addition, TSCB has a great diagnostic value as it can be easily manufactured and be useful for discovering pre-existing oral parafunctions that patients are not aware of.

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“…A broad range of prevalence rates of torus mandibularis has been reported in the medical literature. As shown in Supplementary Table S1, the prevalence of torus mandibularis in nonuremic patients ranges from 0.9% to 58.3% [21,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In the uremic population, Chao et al [18] documented a prevalence rate of 6.7% in hemodialysis patients, while Hsu et al [39] concluded a prevalence rate of 5.3% in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torus Mandibularis in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

Chang

Tai

Hsu

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Reports on the prevalence of torus mandibularis among dialysis patients have been limited and inconclusive. A wide variety of oral manifestations has been found in patients with hyperparathyroidism. Furthermore, uremia-related changes in facial bone structures have been described in the literature. This prospective observational study examined 322 hemodialysis patients treated at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1 August to 31 December 2016. Two subgroups were identified: patients with torus mandibularis (n = 25) and those without (n = 297). Clinical oral examinations including inspection and palpation were employed. Our study found that most mandibular tori were symmetric (84.0%), nodular (96.0%), less than 2 cm in size (96.0%), and located in the premolar area (92.0%). Poor oral hygiene was observed among these patients, with 49.7% and 24.5% scoring 3 and 4, respectively, on the Quigley–Hein plaque index. More than half (55.0%) of patients lost their first molars. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that blood phosphate level (odds ratio = 1.494, p = 0.029) and younger age (odds ratio = 0.954, p = 0.009) correlated significantly with torus mandibularis. The prevalence of torus mandibularis in patients receiving hemodialysis in this study was 7.8%. Younger age and a higher blood phosphate level were predictors for torus mandibularis in these patients.

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Prevalence of oral tori and exostosis in Malaysian population – A cross-sectional study

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of Oral Exostoses in Northern China During the Past Six Millennia—From a Sex and Age Perspective

Prevalence of Oral Exostoses in Northern China During the Past Six Millennia—From a Sex and Age Perspective

Associations between mandibular torus and types of temporomandibular disorders, and the clinical usefulness of temporary splint for checking bruxism

Torus Mandibularis in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

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