Prevalence of oral lesions in kidney transplant patients: A single center experience

Abstract

Kidney transplant patients (KTPs) have a potential tendency to develop oral lesions due to the administration of immunosuppressive drugs, but their prevalence is still obscure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the oral clinical findings in a group of renal transplant patients in comparison with ageand sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Three hundred KTPs who underwent transplantation at least six months earlier and 296 HCs were examined clinically for the presence of any oral lesions. Demographic and additional details regarding medications, systemic diseases and duration after transplantation were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, with significance set at P <0.05. The prevalence of oral lesions in KTPs was 56.8% as compared with 29.7% in HCs. The most common lesion observed in KTPs was gingival overgrowth (21.8%), followed by candidiasis (17.1%). Coated tongue (15.9%), followed by leukoplakia (11.3%), were common in HCs. Both gingival hyperplasia and coated tongue were significantly related to poor oral hygiene (P <0.05), but were not significantly related to the immunosuppressive therapy (P >0.05). The findings of the present study indicate the need for a routine and regular oral health check-up, with emphasis on maintenance of oral hygiene for renal transplant patients.

Oral behavior, dental, periodontal and microbiological findings in patients undergoing hemodialysis and after kidney transplantation

“…Regarding gingival overgrowth, the higher prevalence in KT patients is confirmed by recent literature [ 19 , 30 , 31 ], resulting in a high need for good oral hygiene, because deficiencies regarding this issue decisively encourage gingival overgrowth [ 19 ]. It must be considered, that gingival overgrowth is a multifactorial process with different influencing factors, e.g.…”

“…Taking into account, that HD patients are also candidates for transplantation [ 13 ], recommendations and a good maintenance is need for transplant and HD patients to reduce periodontal inflammation [ 5 , 11 , 18 , 19 ]. Albeit periodontal treatment need of HD and KT patients in the current study was slightly lower than in DMS IV results for German population, clearly lower treatment need should be given, especially for KT patients.…”

“…Beside of that, the associated immunosuppressive therapy often leads to undesired oral effects, especially gingival overgrowth or oral infections with Candida species [ 17 ]. Consequently, a good maintenance is needed for transplant and HD patients to reduce oral inflammation [ 5 , 11 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Alterações Bucais em receptores de transplante renal

“…Após a cirurgia, 5 pacientes tiveram hiperplasia gengival medicamentosa, e 1 paciente apresentou candidíase eritematosa. Kaswan et al (2015) analisaram alterações bucais de 300 transplantados renais de até 6 meses pós transplante e comparou com 296 indivíduos não transplantados. A prevalência de lesões orais nos transplantados foi de 56,8 % contra 29,7% no grupo controle.…”

“…Para o cirurgião dentista, isso sugere um risco maior de infecção oral, e outras complicações odontogênicas associadas. Manifestações bucais em receptores de transplante renal têm sido relatadas na literatura, tais como a hiperplasia gengival medicamentosa, candidíase oral, leucoplasia pilosa e infecção por herpes simples tipo 1 (Kaswan et al, 2015;Rezvani et al, 2014).…”