Prevalence of oral lesions and chronic non-communicable diseases in a sample of Chilean institutionalized versus non-institutionalized elderly

Abstract

Chile is experiencing a process of demographic aging with an increase in the number of elderly people, a percentage of which resides in Long-term Establishments for the Elderly (LEE). However, there is little information on the reality of the elderly in these long-term care facilities, so this study was conducted to compare the epidemiological profile of the prevalent oral pathologies as well as chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), of institutionalized versus noninstitutionalized elderly subjects. Seventy-six institutionalized and forty-three non-institutionalized subjects were examined intraorally, and their clinical health record, gender and age were obtained, according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. The results indicate that female gender is the most common, with an average age of 78.5 year, with those 80 years old and above comprising the predominant group. The most prevalent oral lesions within the institutionalized group were denture stomatitis and irritative hyperplasia, while in the noninstitutionalized these two lesions were found less frequently. As for the presence of xerostomia, there was no difference between the groups. The most common condition in both groups was total maxillary and mandibular edentulous, with the latter variable present more frequently in the institutionalized group (p<0.05). The predominant NCD for both groups were arterial hypertension, arthritis-osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus (p>0.05), and depression was the most prevalent NCD in the non-institutionalized group (p<0.05). This study provides valuable information on the epidemiology of elderly´s oral lesions and NCDs to inform the decision-making process of public health policies.

Saúde Bucal de Idosos Institucionalizados: uma revisão integrativa

“…Os indivíduos apresentaram um número médio de 7,3 ± 10,8 dentes (variação de 1-28) (Usuga-Vacca et al, 2021). No Chile, a prevalência do edentulismo total foi verificada em 86% de um grupo de 76 idosos (Lozano, et al, 2018). Já no Brasil, a perda dentária atingiu 100% de uma população geriátrica estudada (193 indivíduos) residente em ILPI, sendo 61,7% dessa amostra desdentados totais (Montenegro et al, 2020).…”

Lesões Orais Em Idosos Usuários De Prótese Dentária: Uma Revisão De Escopo

“…A estomatite protética (EP) foi a patologia mais prevalente entre as lesões inflamatórias em usuários de próteses. 18,19,21,23,24,26,29,33 A queilite angular apresentou uma prevalência maior (34%) do que estomatite protética (14%). 22 Entretanto, as lesões de mucosa bucal mais comuns foram: varizes linguais (13,68%), seguida por hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória induzida por prótese (4,21%) e carcinoma espinocelular (4,21 %).…”

“…Os trabalhos selecionados mostram diversos métodos, incluindo 16 estudos 9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] do tipo transversal e 2 estudos 17,25…”

Medium-chain fatty acids as an alternative treatment for denture stomatitis in older people

“…In Chile, the prevalence in OP has been little studied. In 2018, a cross-sectional study determined a prevalence of 45.5% of DS in subjects with RP [ 2 ]. Other studies have described a prevalence of 67.5% of oral mucosal lesions and 37.1% of DS [ 3 ].…”