Prevalence of oral cancer, oral potentially malignant disorders and other oral mucosal lesions in Cambodia

Chher, Tepirou; Hak, Sithan; Kallarakkal, Thomas George; Durward, Callum; Ramanathan, Anand; Ghani, Wan Maria Nabillah; Razak, Ishak Abdul; Harun, Masitah Hayati; Ashar, Atika; Rajandram, Rama Krsna; Prak, Pisethraingsey; Hussaini, Haizal Mohd; Zain, Rosnah Binti

doi:10.1080/13557858.2016.1246431

Cited by 35 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This study recorded an OPMD prevalence of 9.0 percent, with Leukoplakia being the most common lesion. This figure is higher than the prevalence reported in neighboring Cambodia (5.6 percent) , but slightly lower than Sri Lanka, a population known for its highly prevalent chewing habits (11.3 percent) . Lesion detection rate of respondents was consistently lower for all types of lesions, except ulcers.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Mouth self‐examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high‐risk Indigenous population

Ghani

Razak

Doss

et al. 2019

J Public Health Dent

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Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of mouth self‐examination (MSE) as a self‐screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions among an Indigenous population in Malaysia at high risk for oral premalignant and malignant disorders. Methods Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Respondents were asked to check their mouth for presence of lesion or abnormalities. Education on oral cancer, including MSE, was provided. Subsequently, respondents were asked to perform MSE. Finally, a clinical oral examination (COE) was done by a specialist and the presence of oral mucosal lesions was recorded. Results Almost 64.5 percent of respondents exhibited high levels of difficulty and low mucosal visualization and retracting ability, whereas 3.0 percent demonstrated high attention level when performing MSE. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 59.0 percent, whereas the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) was 9.0 percent. Detection of oral lesions by respondents using MSE was lower than detection by the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity of MSE for detection of all types of lesions were 8.6 and 95.0 percent respectively. When analyzing each lesion type separately, MSE was found to be most sensitive in detection of swellings (10.0 percent), and most specific in identifying white lesions (97.8 percent). For detection of OPMDs, although specificity was high (98.9 percent), sensitivity (0 percent), and +LR (0) was poor. Conclusion MSE is not an effective self‐screening tool for early detection of potentially malignant lesions for this population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Mouth self‐examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high‐risk Indigenous population

Ghani

Razak

Doss

et al. 2019

J Public Health Dent

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“…The first included study was published in 1963 and the most recent was published in 2016 . Eighteen (62.1%) studies were published in the 21st century . The distribution of the studies by country and sample size is presented in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in population‐based studies: A systematic review of the methodological aspects

Silva

Rosa

Sarkis‐Onofre

et al. 2019

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives:To conduct a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the methodological aspects of population-based studies on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs). Methods:Two reviewers independently conducted a literature search in three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) and extracted data using a standardized form. Data on the following characteristics of the included studies were collected: sample size; age of participants; references used to define the diagnostic criteria, training of the examiners, and data collection; type, grouping and characteristics of the lesions; and lesions excluded and measures of agreement between examiners.Data were analysed descriptively, and data synthesis was performed for each of the studies included in the analysis. A quality analysis of the studies was conducted, and the risk of bias was evaluated. Results:A total of 29 studies were included in the analysis. Most of the published studies on the prevalence of OMLs were performed in Asian countries. The sample sizes ranged from 255 to 39 206. The World Health Organization guidelines were followed by most of the studies, in terms of design, examiner training and data collection. Approximately 25% of the studies did not determine inter-examiner reliability.Moreover, almost half of the studies included did not report the response rate nor did they present the results with the appropriate confidence intervals. Conclusions: Several important points need to be improved in population-basedstudies focusing on the prevalence of OMLs. In particular, these studies should adequately report the response rate and findings, and to a lesser extent, the diagnostic criteria and training of the examiners. We encourage more research in this field and reinforce the importance of standardized studies to facilitate the comparison of different findings. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018099386. K E Y W O R D Sepidemiology, methods, mouth diseases, population, prevalence 432 | da SILVa et aL.

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“…This is similar to the prevalence found in other studies. [17][18][19][20] Detecting an OPMD early should be followed by monitoring and providing timely referral. Implementation of programs for monitoring of high-risk population is challenging and depends on the skill of the FHP.…”

Section: Administrative Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Mobile Health Approach to Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer

Birur

Patrick

Bajaj

et al. 2018

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim: The incidence of oral cancer is high in India, which can be reduced by early detection. We aimed to empower frontline health care providers (FHP) for early detection and connect specialist to rural population through mHealth. Materials and methods:We provided training to FHPs in examination of oral cavity, use of mobile phone for image capture, and risk factor analysis. The FHPs were selected from different cohorts in resource-constrained settings. The workflow involved screening of high-risk individuals in door-to-door and workplace settings, and capture of images of suspected lesions. Uploaded data were interpreted and recommendation was sent by specialist from a remote location. Their recommendation was intimated to FHPs who arranged for further action. Two more initiatives, one for multiple dental schools and another for private practitioners, were undertaken. Results:During the period from 2010 to 2018, 42,754 subjects have been screened, and 5,406 subjects with potentially malignant disorders have been identified. The prevalence of potentially malignant disorders varied from 0.8 to 62% at different cohorts; 516 biopsies have been performed at remote locations. Conclusion:Connecting specialists to rural population was made possible through the use of mobile health. Trained FHP were able to reach out to the population. Electronic data capture facilitated efficient follow-up. The program was very cost-effective with screening completed under $1 per person.Clinical significance: In view of the high incidence of oral cancer in India, and the resource-constrained settings, mobile health paves the way for better access to specialist care for the rural population.

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Prevalence of oral cancer, oral potentially malignant disorders and other oral mucosal lesions in Cambodia

Abstract: The prevalence of OML was 54.1%, with linea alba being the most commonly occurring lesion. Smoking, alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing were found to be associated with the prevalence of OPMD, which was 5.6%.

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Mouth self‐examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high‐risk Indigenous population

Mouth self‐examination as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders among a high‐risk Indigenous population

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in population‐based studies: A systematic review of the methodological aspects

A Novel Mobile Health Approach to Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer

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