Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in haemodialysis patients in Khartoum State, Sudan from 2012 to 2014

Mohammed, Abdalhafeez Abd Alazeem; Enan, Khalid A; Khair, Osama M.; Hussien, Mohammed; Hussein, Abdel Rahim M. El; Elkhidir, Isam M

doi:10.5897/jmld2015.0099

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This prevalence is in agreement with the results in the literature, among haemodilysis patients that range between 0 to 58% in countries such as Canada, Turkey, Italy, Spain, Iran, Brazil and Egypt [5,7,18,19] and it is also in agreement with the findings studies conducted in Khartoum State, (1), West kordofan State, Sudan [2] and in El Gazeera State, Sudan [20] in which the frequencies of OHB among haemodialysis patients was 3.3%, 17.5% and 11.5%, respectively but disagrees with studies from Sudan in which no OHB was detected among haemodialysis and blood donors patients respectively [6,15] and a study from Iran in which no OBH cases were found among haemodialysis patients. Although, the results of the present study and other studies [1,2,20,21]; highly supported the existence of OHB in hemodialysis patients, more studies are needed to fully elucidate the incidence of OHB in Sudan [22,23]. The conflicts in the reported incidences of occult HBV infection among several studies, including this study, could be attributed to several factors such as the sensitivity of the various molecular biology techniques used in detection of HBV DNA, the prevalence of HBV in geographical area, the storage of the sample, the age and sex of patients and the differences in the studies sample size [14,24,25].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

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Prevelance of occult Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern State, Sudan

Hagmohamed¹

2019

VIJ

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Introduction:Occult HBV infection (OBI) is the persistence of viral genome in the liver tissue in individuals negative for HBsAg. Hemodialysis patients are at risk of acquiring parenterally transmitted infections such as HBV, OBI, because of the large number blood transfusions they receive, invasive procedures they undergo, shared dialysis equipment, impaired host immune response, and lower response rates to HBV vaccination. Materials and Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study conducted at three health centers in the Northern State, Sudan. Following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, ninety haemodialysis patients were enrolled. Antigen capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), competitive ELISA to detect Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA were used in this investigation.Results: out of the 90 patients sampled, 51 were males, 39 were females, and their ages ranged between 18 and 80 years.Two of patients (2/90; 2.2 %) were positive for HBsAg and were subsequently excluded from the study while (88/90; 97.8%) were negative for HBsAg. Out of these17 (19.4%) showed positive HBcAb of which 14(82.3%) tested positive to HBV DNA. It is recommended that in order to prevent HBV transmission among haemodialysis patients in Sudan, molecular detection techniques must be considered in detecting occult HBV in these patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus, which belongs to the family of Hepadnaviridae virus [1]. HBV is highly contagious, and is considered as the most commonly transmitted blood borne virus in the health care setting worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevelance of occult Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern State, Sudan

Hagmohamed¹

2019

VIJ

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“…For example, Honarkar et al found a 22% prevalence of positive HBV DNA in seronegative chronic liver patients in IR Iran ( 63 ). Another study from Sudan on 91 HBsAg negative patients revealed that 51.6% of them had positive HBc antibodies and 3.3% had HBV DNA using PCR ( 64 ). Carcinogenicity is not limited only to occult HBV patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Importance of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in EMRO Countries and the Middle East: A Systematic Review

Alavian

Haghbin

2016

Hepat Mon

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ContextHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cancer-related death worldwide. Although many factors including dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases can lead to HCC, globally most HCC cases are due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Considering the importance of these viral factors in most HCC cases and relative lack of literature from eastern Mediterranean region office of world health organization (EMRO) countries and the Middle East, we decided to perform this systematic review to find distribution of viral etiology of HCC in these regions.Evidence AcquisitionIn this systemic review, we included all studies from 1 January 1989 to 1 September 2015 with at least 20 samples that measured HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). The authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, Popline, Web of Science and WHO indexed databases. We searched the following MeSH terms; hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus or hepacvirus. Only studies using second- and third-generation HCV assays were included. Only articles studying HCC patients from EMRO countries and the Middle East were analyzed. Duplicate results that reported the same cases more than once were found and omitted. Studies in English and Farsi were reviewed. If the study was eligible, we recorded the following data; the first author, publication year and journal, study population and number and percentage of patients with different serologic statuses.ResultsWe found 44 studies from 12 countries in EMRO and the Middle East. HCC cases from Iran, Lebanon, Turkey and Yemen were mainly due to HBV, while those of North African nations (Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria and Somalia) in addition to Saudi Arabia and Pakistan were mostly HCV related. Sudan showed a high seronegativity and HBV infection in its HCC cases. Unfortunately, some countries from EMRO and the Middle East did not have eligible studies.ConclusionsHBV and HCV are important culprits of HCC in EMRO countries and the Middle East and different nations need different strategies to tackle them accordingly. Countries with high rates of HBV such as Turkey should continue their HBV vaccination and also increase sanitation. Nations with high HCV rates such as Egypt should maintain their blood product monitoring in addition to increased sanitation, especially regarding injection drug users (IDU).

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Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Sudan: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2020

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In its occult form, hepatitis B virus infection can only be detected using molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, increasing the cost of the screening process. Certain population subgroups are considered to have a higher risk of transmission and reactivation of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI). This review aims to estimate the prevalence of OBI among these high-risk groups in Sudan. It was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines, targeting the literature available in MEDLINE/ PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. Full-text articles published in the last 10 years that provide prevalence estimates of OBI in Sudan were examined for fulfillment of eligibility criteria. Quality assessment of selected articles was performed using the critical appraisal tool reported by Munn et al. Publication bias was assessed by visual examination of the funnel plot. Metaanalysis using the random-effects model with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the overall and subgroup pooled prevalence of OBI. Literature search yielded a total of 717 studies, of which only 11 articles fulfilled all selection criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of OBI was found to be 15.51%, with a high level of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a prevalence of 16.48% among blood donors, 13.36% among hemodialysis patients, and 12.59% among febrile patients. Evidence for possible publication bias was detected. This review provides crucial evidence for health authorities in Sudan, outlining the necessity for re-evaluation of the current screening strategies, especially among these high-risk groups.

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Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in haemodialysis patients in Khartoum State, Sudan from 2012 to 2014

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Prevelance of occult Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern State, Sudan

Prevelance of occult Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern State, Sudan

Relative Importance of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in EMRO Countries and the Middle East: A Systematic Review

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Sudan: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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